Neofundulus is a genus of fish in the family Rivulidae. These annual killifish are endemic to the Paraguay, Guaporé, Mamoré and São Francisco basins in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil and Paraguay.Nielsen, D.T.B. & Brousseau, R. (2013): Description of a new species of annual fish of the genus Neofundulus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from the upper río Mamoré basin, Bolivia. aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology, 19 (3): 109-114. They inhabit temporary waters, such as swamps or ponds, that typically are located in open habitats like grassland. Once the water disappears, the adults die, but the eggs that have been laid in the bottom remain, only hatching after several months when the water returns.
They are small fish, with the largest species up to in total length.
Species There are currently 7 recognized species in this genus:
Neofundulus acutirostratus W. J. E. M. Costa, 1992 Neofundulus aureomaculatus W. J. E. M. Costa, 2015 Neofundulus guaporensis W. J. E. M. Costa, 1988 Neofundulus paraguayensis (C. H. Eigenmann & C. H. Kennedy, 1903) Neofundulus parvipinnis W. J. E. M. Costa, 1988 Neofundulus rubrofasciatus W. J. E. M. Costa, 2015 Neofundulus splendidus D. T. B. Nielsen & Brousseau, 2013 Synonyms Neofundulus ornatipinnis G. S. Myers, 1935, synonym of Neofundulus paraguayensis (Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1903)
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