Ariophantidae is a taxonomic family of air-breathing land snails and semi-slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicarionoidea (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).
Distribution The distribution of the family Ariophantidae includes India and south-eastern Asia.
Anatomy Snails within this family make and use love darts made of chitin.
In this family, the number of haploid chromosomes lies between 21 and 25 and also lies between 31 and 35, but other values are also possible (according to the values in this table).Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK, 2001, . 1-146, cited pages: 139 and 142.
Taxonomy Subfamilies The family Ariophantidae consists of 3 subfamilies: Ariophantinae Godwin-Austen, 1888 - synonyms: Naninidae Pfeffer, 1878 (inv.); Hemiplectinae Gude & B. B. Woodward, 1921Gude G. P. L. K. & Woodward B. B. (1921). "On Helicella, Férussac". Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 14(5-6): 174-190. page 186. Macrochlamydinae Godwin-Austen, 1888 - synonyms: Tanychlamydinae H. B. Baker, 1928;Baker H. B. (1928). Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 80: 6. Vitrinulini Schileyko, 2003Schileyko (2003). Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs, part 10: page 1354 Ostracolethinae Simroth, 1901 - synonyms: Parmarioninae Godwin-Austen, 1908;Godwin-Austen H. H. (1908). In: Blanford W. T. & Godwin-Austen H. H. (1908). The fauna of British India. Mollusca. Testacellidae and Zonitidae, page 180. Laocaiini Schileyko, 2002;Schileyko (2002). Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs, part 9: page 1219. Microparmarionini Schileyko, 2003;Schileyko (2003). Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs, part 10: page 1337. Myotestidae Collinge, 1902
Genera The following genera are recognised in the family Ariophantidae: Ariophantinae Ariophanta Des Moulins, 1829 - type genus of the family Ariophantidae Bapuia Godwin-Austen, 1918 Cryptogirasia Cockerell, 1891 Cryptozona Mörch, 1872 Dalingia Godwin-Austen, 1907 Dihangia Godwin-Austen, 1916 Euplecta C. Semper, 1870 Galongia Godwin-Austen, 1916 Hemiplecta Albers, 1850 Indrella Godwin-Austen, 1901 Khasiella Godwin-Austen, 1899 Mariaella Gray, 1855 Megaustenia Cockerell, 1912 Ratnadvipia Godwin-Austen, 1899 - endemic to Sri LankaRaheem D. & Naggs F. (2006). "The Sri Lankan endemic semi-slug Ratnadvipia (Limacoidea: Ariophantidae) and a new species from southwestern Sri Lanka". Systematics and Biodiversity 4(1): 99-126. . Ravana Godwin-Austen, 1901 Schwammeria Schileyko, 2010 Sitalinopsis Thiele, 1931 Taphrospira W. T. Blanford, 1904 Xesta Albers, 1850 Macrochlamydinae Baiaplecta Laidlaw, 1956 Himalodiscus Kuznetsov, 1996 Macrochlamys Gray, 1847 - type genus of the subfamily Macrochlamydinae Microcystina Mörch, 1872 Oxytesta Zilch, 1956 Parvatella W. T. Blanford & Godwin-Austen, 1908 Rahula Godwin-Austen, 1907 Sakiella Godwin-Austen, 1908 Sarika Godwin-Austen, 1907 Sesara Albers, 1860 Syama W. T. Blanford & Godwin-Austen, 1908 Tadunia Godwin-Austen, 1918 Taphrenalla Pholyotha & Panha, 2021 Varadia Bhosale & Raheem, 2021 Vitrinula Gray, 1857
Ostracolethinae Apoparmarion Collinge, 1902 Cambodiparmarion Kuznetsov & Kuzminykh, 1999 Cryptosemelus Collinge, 1902 Damayantia Issel, 1874 Damayantiella Zilch, 1959 Isselentia Collinge, 1901 Microparmarion Simroth, 1893 Minyongia Godwin-Austen, 1916 Ostracolethe Simroth, 1901 - type genus of the subfamily Ostracolethinae Paraparmarion Collinge, 1902 Parmarion P. Fischer, 1855 Parmunculus Collinge, 1899 Philippinella Möllendorff, 1899 Wiegmannia Collinge, 1901 Subfamily not assigned Falsiplecta Schileyko & Semenyuk, 2018
Cladogram The following cladogram shows the phylogenic relationships of this family with other families in the limacoid clade:Hausdorf B. (2000). "Biogeography of the Limacoidea sensu lato (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora): Vicariance Events and Long-Distance Dispersal". Journal of Biogeography 27(2): 379-390. , JSTOR.
References
Further reading Schileyko A. A. (2003). "Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate mollusks. 10. Ariophantidae, Ostracolethaidae, Ryssotidae, Milacidae, Dyakiidae, Staffordiidae, Gastrodontidae, Zonitidae, Daudebardiidae, Parmacellidae". Ruthenica, Supplement 2. 1309-1466.
External links