Urocyclidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, semi-slugs and land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicarionoidea.
Some species within this family make and use love darts before mating.
Distribution The Urocyclidae are distributed in the Afrotropical realm, including Madagascar, the Comores and the islands of the Gulf of Guinea.
Taxonomy The family Urocyclidae consists of 3 subfamilies: subfamily Rhysotininae Schileyko, 2002 subfamily Sheldoniinae Connolly, 1925 (1912)Connolly (1925). Annals and Magazine of Natural History (9)15: 467. - synonyms: Peltatinae Godwin-Austen, 1912;Godwin-Austen H. H. (1912). "A review of South-African Land-Mollusca belonging to the Family Zonitidae". Annals and Magazine of Natural History (8)9: 122-139. Plate 1-7. p. 124. Trochonanininae Connolly, 1912;Connolly (1912). Annals of the South African Museum 11(3): 101. Trochozonitinae Iredale, 1914;Iredale (1914). Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 11(2): 122. Ledoulxiinae Pilsbry, 1919;Pilsbry H. A. (1919). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 40: 245. Gymnarionidae Von Mol, 1970;Van Mol J. J. (1970). "Révision des Urocyclidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Pulmonata). Anatomie - systématique - zoogéographie". Annales Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Sciences Zoologiques 180: 1-231. Rhysotinidae Schileyko, 2002; Zonitarionini Schileyko, 2002; Acantharionini Schileyko, 2002 subfamily Urocyclinae Simroth, 1889 tribe Urocyclini Simroth, 1889 - synonyms: Atoxonini Schileyko, 2002; Buettneriini Schileyko, 2002 tribe Dendrolimacini Van Goethem, 1977Van Goethem J. (1977). "Révision systématique des Urocyclinae (Mollusca, Pulmonata, Urocyclidae)". Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Annales, Sciences zoologiques 218: 355 pp., 4 plates. tribe Leptichnini Van Goethem, 1977 tribe Upembellini Van Goethem, 1977
Genera The following genera are recognised in the family Urocyclidae: unsorted † Koruella Pickford, 2009
Subfamily Rhysotininae Rhysotina Ancey, 1887 Subfamily Sheldoniinae Acantharion Binder & Tillier, 1985 Africarion Godwin-Austen, 1883 Amatarion Van Mol, 1970 Angustivestis Pilsbry, 1919 Aspidelus Morelet, 1884 Aspidotomium Degner, 1932 Belonarion Pilsbry, 1919 Bloyetia Bourguignat, 1890 Camerunarion Van Mol, 1970 Carinazingis van Bruggen & de Winter, 1990 Centrafricarion Van Mol, 1970 Chlamydarion Van Mol, 1968 Colparion Laidlaw, 1938 Degneria Verdcourt, 1956 Entagaricus Pilsbry, 1919 Estria Poirier, 1887 Falloonella Preston, 1914 Fuellebornia Verdcourt, 1998 Granularion Germain, 1912 Gymnarion Pilsbry, 1919 †Hamya Bourguignat, 1885 Kerkophorus Godwin-Austen, 1912 Lacrimarion Connolly, 1939 Malagarion Tillier, 1979 Mesafricarion Pilsbry, 1919 Microkerkus Godwin-Austen, 1912 Montanobloyetia Verdcourt, 1961 Morrumbalia Verdcourt, 1998 Paragranularion Van Mol, 1970 Percivalia Preston, 1914 Plicatonanina Verdcourt, 1961 Principicochlea D. Holyoak & G. Holyoak, 2020 Principitrochoidea D. Holyoak & G. Holyoak, 2020 Ptilototheca Herbert, 2016 Rhopalogonium Degner, 1932 Selatodryas Herbert, 2017 Senegalarion Van Mol, 1970 Sheldonia Ancey, 1887 - the type genus of the subfamily SheldoniinaeHerbert D. G. (2004). Sheldonia puzeyi. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 7 August 2007. Sjostedtina Verdcourt, 1961 Sylvarion Van Mol, 1970 Thapsia Albers, 1860 Thielarion Van Mol, 1970 Thomithapsia D. Holyoak & G. Holyoak, 2020 Thomitrochoidea D. Holyoak & G. Holyoak, 2020 Tresia Van Goethem, 1975 Trochonanina Mousson, 1869 Trochozonites Pfeffer, 1883 Tropidocochlion Verdcourt, 1998 Verdcourtia Van Mol, 1970 Verrucarion Van Mol, 1970de Winter A. J. (1987). "Verrucarion demeryi, a new semi-slug from Sierra Leone (Mollusca: Pulmonata: Urocyclidae)". Basteria 51(4-6): 87-93. abstract. Zingis E. von Martens, 1878 Zonitarion Pfeffer, 1883
Subfamily Urocyclinae Tribe Dendrolimacini Dendrolimax Heynemann, 1868 - the type genus of the tribe Dendrolimacini
Tribe Leptichnini Leptichnus Simroth, 1896 - the type genus of the tribe Leptichnini
Tribe Upembellini Leptichnoides Van Goethem, 1975 Upembella Van Goethem, 1969 - the type genus of the tribe Upembellini
tribe Urocyclini Anisotoxon Van Goethem, 1975 Atoxon Simroth, 1888 Atoxonoides Van Goethem, 1973 Atrichotoxon Simroth, 1910 Buettneria Simroth, 1910Simroth H. (1910). In: Voeltzkow Reise O.-Afr., Wiss. Ergebn. 2(5): 611. Bukobia Simroth, 1896 Elisolimax Cockerell, 1893 Emphysetes Verdcourt, 2003 Microcyclus Simroth, 1896 Nupnus Van Goethem, 1975 Pembatoxon Van Goethem, 1975 Phaneroporus Simroth, 1888 Polytoxon Simroth, 1897 Pseudatoxon Van Goethem, 1975 Tanzalimax Rowson, Paustian & Van Goethem, 2017 Trichotoxon Simroth, 1888 Udzungwalimax Rowson, Paustian & Van Goethem, 2017 Urocyclus Gray, 1864 - the type genus of the family Urocyclidae
Cladogram The following cladogram shows the phylogenic relationship of this family to other families in the limacoid clade:Hausdorf B. (2000). "Biogeography of the Limacoidea sensu lato (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora): Vicariance Events and Long-Distance Dispersal". Journal of Biogeography 27(2): 379-390. , JSTOR.
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