The 100th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from January 3, 1987, to January 3, 1989, during the last two years of Ronald Reagan's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1980 United States census.
This is the most recent Congress with a Democratic senator from the state of Mississippi, John C. Stennis, who retired at the end of Congress, and a Republican senator from the state of Connecticut, Lowell Weicker, who lost re-election in 1988.
Both chambers had a Democratic majority, with the Democrats increasing their lead in the House, and regaining the Senate for the first time since the 96th Congress from 1979 to 1981.
Major events
July 16, 1987: The bicentennial of the Connecticut Compromise that resulted in Congress's present structure is marked, by an unprecedented joint meeting outside Washington, in Independence Hall. October 19, 1987: Black Monday: Stocks fell sharply on Wall Street and around the world October 23, 1987: The Senate rejected the nomination of Robert H. Bork to the United States Supreme Court on a vote of 42-58 November 18, 1987: Iran–Contra affair: Senate and House panels released reports charging President Reagan with 'ultimate responsibility' for the affair January 25, 1988: 1988 State of the Union Address November 8, 1988: 1988 United States presidential election: George Bush was elected over Michael Dukakis; United States Senate elections, 1988 & United States House of Representatives elections, 1988: Democrats retained control of Congress
Major legislation
March 17, 1987: National Appliance Energy Conservation Act, , April 2, 1987: Surface Transportation and Uniform Relocation Assistance Act, , July 22, 1987: McKinney–Vento Homeless Assistance Act, , August 20, 1987: Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Improvement Act of 1987, , September 29, 1987: Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Reaffirmation Act of 1987 (Gramm–Rudman–Hollings Balanced Budget Act), , title I December 22, 1987: Anti-Terrorism Act of 1987, , January 7, 1988: Computer Security Act of 1987, , February 5, 1988: Housing and Community Development Act of 1987, , March 22, 1988: Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987 April 28, 1988: Abandoned Shipwrecks Act, , June 27, 1988: Supreme Court Case Selections Act of 1988, , July 1, 1988: Medicare Catastrophic Coverage Act, , August 4, 1988: Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act, , August 10, 1988: Civil Liberties Act of 1988, , title I, August 23, 1988: Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act, , October 13, 1988: Family Support Act, , October 17, 1988: Indian Gaming Regulatory Act, , October 24, 1988: Health Maintenance Organization Amendments of 1988, , October 25, 1988: Department of Veterans Affairs Act, , November 1, 1988: Medical Waste Tracking Act, , November 3, 1988: Fair Credit and Charge Card Disclosure Act, November 4, 1988: AIDS amendments of 1988, , November 4, 1988: Genocide Convention Implementation Act, , November 5, 1988: Video Privacy Protection Act, November 10, 1988: Undetectable Firearms Act,, November 17, 1988: Water Resources Development Act of 1988, November 18, 1988: Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988, , including Child Protection and Obscenity Enforcement Act and Alcoholic Beverage Labeling Act November 18, 1988: Chemical Diversion and Trafficking Act, , November 23, 1988: Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, ,
Treaties ratified May 27, 1988: Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty
Hearings May 6, 1987: Iran–Contra affair hearings began October 23, 1987: Robert Bork Supreme Court nomination: Senate rejected Robert Bork's nomination 42–58 to the Supreme Court of the United States February 3, 1988: Senate approved Anthony Kennedy's nomination 97–0 to the Supreme Court of the United States
Party summary
Senate
House of Representatives
Leadership
Senate
President: George Bush (R) President pro tempore: John Stennis (D) Deputy President pro tempore: George J. Mitchell (D)
Majority (Democratic) leadership Majority Leader, Democratic Conference Chairman, and Democratic Policy Committee Chairman: Robert Byrd Majority Whip: Alan Cranston Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: John Kerry Democratic Caucus Secretary: Daniel Inouye
Minority (Republican) leadership Minority Leader: Bob Dole Minority Whip: Alan Simpson Republican Conference Chairman: John Chafee Republican Conference Secretary: Thad Cochran Policy Committee Chairman: William L. Armstrong Republican Campaign Committee Chairman: Rudy Boschwitz
House of Representatives
Speaker: Jim Wright (D)
Majority (Democratic) leadership Majority Leader: Tom Foley Majority Whip: Tony Coelho Chief Deputy Majority Whip: David Bonior Democratic Caucus Chairman: Dick Gephardt Democratic Caucus Vice-Chairman: Mary Rose Oakar Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Beryl Anthony Jr.
Minority leadership Minority Leader: Robert H. Michel Minority Whip: Trent Lott Chief Deputy Whip: Edward Rell Madigan Republican Conference Chairman: Dick Cheney Republican Conference Vice-Chairman: Lynn Morley Martin Republican Conference Secretary: Robert J. Lagomarsino Policy Committee Chairman: Jerry Lewis Republican Campaign Committee Chairman: Guy Vander Jagt
Caucuses Congressional Arts Caucus Congressional Automotive Caucus Congressional Black Caucus Congressional Fire Services Caucus Congressional Friends of Ireland Caucus Congressional Hispanic Caucus Congressional Pediatric & Adult Hydrocephalus Caucus Congressional Travel & Tourism Caucus Congresswomen's Caucus House Democratic Caucus Senate Democratic Caucus
Members This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.
Senate
Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress, In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1988; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1990; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, facing re-election in 1992.
Alabama 2. Howell Heflin (D) 3. Richard Shelby (D)
Alaska 2. Ted Stevens (R) 3. Frank Murkowski (R)
Arizona 1. Dennis DeConcini (D) 3. John McCain (R)
Arkansas 2. David Pryor (D) 3. Dale Bumpers (D)
California 1. Pete Wilson (R) 3. Alan Cranston (D)
Colorado 2. William L. Armstrong (R) 3. Tim Wirth (D)
Connecticut 1. Lowell Weicker (R) 3. Chris Dodd (D)
Delaware 1. William Roth (R) 2. Joe Biden (D)
Florida 1. Lawton Chiles (D) 3. Bob Graham (D)
Georgia 2. Sam Nunn (D) 3. Wyche Fowler (D)
Hawaii 1. Spark Matsunaga (D) 3. Daniel Inouye (D)
Idaho 2. James A. McClure (R) 3. Steve Symms (R)
Illinois 2. Paul Simon (D) 3. Alan J. Dixon (D)
Indiana 1. Richard Lugar (R) 3. Dan Quayle (R)
Iowa 2. Tom Harkin (D) 3. Chuck Grassley (R)
Kansas 2. Nancy Kassebaum (R) 3. Bob Dole (R)
Kentucky 2. Mitch McConnell (R) 3. Wendell Ford (D)
Louisiana 2. J. Bennett Johnston (D) 3. John Breaux (D)
Maine 1. George J. Mitchell (D) 2. William Cohen (R)
Maryland 1. Paul Sarbanes (D) 3. Barbara Mikulski (D)
Massachusetts 1. Ted Kennedy (D) 2. John Kerry (D)
Michigan 1. Donald Riegle (D) 2. Carl Levin (D)
Minnesota 1. David Durenberger (I-R) 2. Rudy Boschwitz (I-R)
Mississippi 1. John C. Stennis (D) 2. Thad Cochran (R)
Missouri 1. John Danforth (R) 3. Kit Bond (R)
Montana 1. John Melcher (D) 2. Max Baucus (D)
Nebraska 1. Edward Zorinsky (D), until March 6, 1987 David Karnes (R), from March 11, 1987, until January 3, 1989 2. J. James Exon (D)
Nevada 1. Chic Hecht (R) 3. Harry Reid (D)
New Hampshire 2. Gordon J. Humphrey (R) 3. Warren Rudman (R)
New Jersey 1. Frank Lautenberg (D) 2. Bill Bradley (D)
New Mexico 1. Jeff Bingaman (D) 2. Pete Domenici (R)
New York 1. Daniel Patrick Moynihan (D) 3. Al D'Amato (R)
North Carolina 2. Jesse Helms (R) 3. Terry Sanford (D)
North Dakota 1. Quentin Burdick (D-NPL) 3. Kent Conrad (D-NPL)
Ohio 1. Howard Metzenbaum (D) 3. John Glenn (D)
Oklahoma 2. David Boren (D) 3. Don Nickles (R)
Oregon 2. Mark Hatfield (R) 3. Bob Packwood (R)
Pennsylvania 1. John Heinz (R) 3. Arlen Specter (R)
Rhode Island 1. John Chafee (R) 2. Claiborne Pell (D)
South Carolina 2. Strom Thurmond (R) 3. Fritz Hollings (D)
South Dakota 2. Larry Pressler (R) 3. Tom Daschle (D)
Tennessee 1. Jim Sasser (D) 2. Al Gore (D)
Texas 1. Lloyd Bentsen (D) 2. Phil Gramm (R)
Utah 1. Orrin Hatch (R) 3. Jake Garn (R)
Vermont 1. Robert Stafford (R) 3. Patrick Leahy (D)
Virginia 1. Paul Trible (R) 2. John Warner (R)
Washington 1. Daniel J. Evans (R) 3. Brock Adams (D)
West Virginia 1. Robert Byrd (D) 2. Jay Rockefeller (D)
Wisconsin 1. William Proxmire (D) 3. Bob Kasten (R)
Wyoming 1. Malcolm Wallop (R) 2. Alan Simpson (R)
House of Representatives
Alabama . Sonny Callahan (R) . William Louis Dickinson (R) . Bill Nichols (D), until December 13, 1988 . Tom Bevill (D) . Ronnie Flippo (D) . Ben Erdreich (D) . Claude Harris Jr. (D)
Alaska . Don Young (R)
Arizona . John Jacob Rhodes III (R) . Mo Udall (D) . Bob Stump (R) . Jon Kyl (R) . Jim Kolbe (R)
Arkansas . William Vollie Alexander Jr. (D) . Tommy F. Robinson (D) . John Paul Hammerschmidt (R) . Beryl Anthony Jr. (D)
California . Douglas H. Bosco (D) . Wally Herger (R) . Bob Matsui (D) . Vic Fazio (D) . Sala Burton (D), until February 1, 1987 Nancy Pelosi (D), from June 2, 1987 . Barbara Boxer (D) . George Miller (D) . Ron Dellums (D) . Pete Stark (D) . Don Edwards (D) . Tom Lantos (D) . Ernie Konnyu (R) . Norman Mineta (D) . Norman D. Shumway (R) . Tony Coelho (D) . Leon Panetta (D) . Chip Pashayan (R) . Richard H. Lehman (D) . Robert J. Lagomarsino (R) . Bill Thomas (R) . Elton Gallegly (R) . Carlos Moorhead (R) . Anthony Beilenson (D) . Henry Waxman (D) . Edward R. Roybal (D) . Howard Berman (D) . Mel Levine (D) . Julian Dixon (D) . Augustus Hawkins (D) . Matthew G. Martínez (D) . Mervyn Dymally (D) . Glenn M. Anderson (D) . David Dreier (R) . Esteban Edward Torres (D) . Jerry Lewis (R) . George Brown Jr. (D) . Al McCandless (R) . Bob Dornan (R) . William E. Dannemeyer (R) . Robert Badham (R) . Bill Lowery (R) . Dan Lungren (R) . Ron Packard (R) . Jim Bates (D) . Duncan L. Hunter (R)
Colorado . Pat Schroeder (D) . David Skaggs (D) . Ben Nighthorse Campbell (D) . Hank Brown (R) . Joel Hefley (R) . Dan Schaefer (R)
Connecticut . Barbara B. Kennelly (D) . Sam Gejdenson (D) . Bruce Morrison (D) . Stewart McKinney (R), until May 7, 1987 . Chris Shays (R), from August 18, 1987 . John G. Rowland (R) . Nancy Johnson (R)
Delaware . Tom Carper (D)
Florida . Earl Hutto (D) . Bill Grant (D) . Charles E. Bennett (D) . Bill Chappell (D) . Bill McCollum (R) . Buddy MacKay (D) . Sam Gibbons (D) . Bill Young (R) . Michael Bilirakis (R) . Andy Ireland (R) . Bill Nelson (D) . Tom Lewis (R) . Connie Mack III (R) . Dan Mica (D) . Clay Shaw (R) . Lawrence J. Smith (D) . William Lehman (D) . Claude Pepper (D) . Dante Fascell (D)
Georgia . Lindsay Thomas (D) . Charles Floyd Hatcher (D) . Richard Ray (D) . Pat Swindall (R) . John Lewis (D) . Newt Gingrich (R) . George Darden (D) . J. Roy Rowland (D) . Ed Jenkins (D) . Doug Barnard Jr. (D)
Hawaii . Pat Saiki (R) . Daniel Akaka (D)
Idaho . Larry Craig (R) . Richard H. Stallings (D)
Illinois . Charles Hayes (D) . Gus Savage (D) . Marty Russo (D) . Jack Davis (R) . Bill Lipinski (D) . Henry Hyde (R) . Cardiss Collins (D) . Dan Rostenkowski (D) . Sidney R. Yates (D) . John Porter (R) . Frank Annunzio (D)