This is a demography of Myanmar (also known as Burma) including statistics such as population, ethnicity, language, education level, and religious affiliations.
Population size and structure
1983 census The 1983 census in Burma reported a population of 35,442,972. this was estimated by the CIA World Factbook to have increased to 60,584,650. Other estimates put place the total population at around 60 million. China's People's Daily reported that Burma had a census in 2007, and at the end of 2009 has 59.2 million people, and growing at 2% annually. with exception for Cyclone Nargis in 2008. Most of these estimates have indeed overlooked the demographic changes that were at work since the 1970s in the country.
Britain-based human rights agencies place the population as high as 70 million. Estimates for the country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS. This can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected.
No trustworthy census has occurred since the 1930s. In the 1940s, the detailed census results were destroyed during the Japanese invasion of 1942. Census results after that time have been flawed by civil wars and a series of military governments. The census in 1983 occurred at a time when parts of the country were controlled by insurgent groups and inaccessible to the government.
2014 census
The Provisional results of the 2014 census show that the total population of Myanmar is 51,419,420—a population well below the official estimates of more than 60 million. This total population includes 50,213,067 persons counted during the census and an estimated 1,206,353 persons in parts of northern Rakhine State, Kachin State and Kayin State who were not counted. More females (51.8%) were counted than males (48.2%). People who were out of the country at the time of the census are not included in these figures.
The provisional census results indicated that there were 10,889,348 households in Myanmar. On average, 4.4 people lived in each household in the country. The average household size was highest in Kachin State and Chin State at 5.1. The lowest household sizes were observed in Ayeyawady Region, Bago Region, Magway Region and Naypyidaw Union Territory, each at 4.1.
Structure of the population
Age group Male Female Total % Total 30 139 447 30 836 546 60 975 993 100 0-4 2 892 346 2 843 804 5 736 150 9.41 5-9 3 019 538 2 933 751 5 953 054 9.76 10-14 3 061 725 2 939 751 6 001 476 9.84 15-19 2 939 176 2 830 830 5 770 006 9.46 20-24 2 804 028 2 729 466 5 533 494 9.07 25-29 2 608 652 2 578 175 5 186 827 8.51 30-34 2 378 395 2 414 221 4 792 616 7.86 35-39 2 134 820 2 212 315 4 347 135 7.13 40-44 1 868 709 1 984 907 3 853 616 6.32 45-49 1 604 910 1 737 570 3 342 480 5.48 50-54 1 325 584 1 459 978 2 785 562 4.57 55-59 1 081 479 1 213 529 2 295 008 3.76 60-64 838 871 962 728 1 801 599 2.95 65-69 647 286 766 066 1 413 352 2.32 70-74 477 948 593 666 1 071 614 1.76 75-79 335 405 449 974 785 379 1.29 80+ 120 575 186 050 306 625 0.50Age groupMaleFemaleTotalPercent 0-14 8 973 609 8 717 306 17 690 915 29.01 15-64 19 584 624 20 123 484 39 708 108 65.12 65+ 1 581 214 1 995 756 3 576 970 5.87
Age group Male Female Total % Total 24 228 714 26 051 186 50 279 900 100 0-4 2 262 783 2 209 347 4 472 130 8.89 5-9 2 438 372 2 380 705 4 819 077 9.58 10-14 2 595 759 2 512 613 5 108 362 10.16 15-19 2 290 998 2 334 991 4 625 989 9.20 20-24 2 091 525 2 239 544 4 331 069 8.61 25-29 1 995 465 2 150 669 4 146 134 8.25 30-34 1 884 549 2 014 312 3 898 861 7.75 35-39 1 705 630 1 857 850 3 563 480 7.09 40-44 1 548 942 1 734 131 3 283 073 6.53 45-49 1 375 041 1 571 107 2 946 148 5.86 50-54 1 182 341 1 376 891 2 559 232 5.09 55-59 935 979 1 115 958 2 051 937 4.08 60-64 712 040 864 805 1 576 845 3.14 65-69 466 618 597 875 1 064 493 2.12 70-74 301 679 411 491 713 170 1.42 75-79 228 315 324 983 553 298 1.10 80-84 130 875 204 701 335 576 0.67 85-89 56 979 101 090 158 069 0.31 90+ 24 834 48 123 72 957 0.15Age groupMaleFemaleTotalPercent 0-14 7 296 904 7 102 665 14 399 569 28.64 15-64 15 722 510 17 260 258 32 982 768 65.60 65+ 1 209 300 1 688 263 2 897 563 5.76
Age group Male Female Total % Total 26 253 029 28 564 888 54 817 917 100 0–4 2 530 919 2 466 636 4 997 555 9.12 5–9 2 440 079 2 391 031 4 831 110 8.81 10–14 2 498 690 2 434 982 4 933 672 9.00 15–19 2 580 205 2 502 427 5 082 632 9.27 20–24 2 303 893 2 352 534 4 656 427 8.49 25–29 2 048 287 2 234 735 4 283 022 7.81 30–34 1 933 997 2 157 191 4 091 188 7.46 35–39 1 848 391 2 048 816 3 897 207 7.11 40–44 1 686 627 1 892 346 3 578 973 6.53 45–49 1 524 718 1 764 361 3 289 079 6.00 50–54 1 352 184 1 607 900 2 960 084 5.40 55–59 1 155 216 1 413 151 2 568 367 4.69 60–64 896 135 1 145 018 2 041 153 3.72 65-69 640 767 863 956 1 504 723 2.74 70-74 395 453 576 158 971 611 1.77 75-79 211 626 342 884 554 510 1.01 80-84 124 414 213 715 338 129 0.62 85-89 61 122 113 105 174 227 0.32 90+ 20 306 43 942 64 248 0.12 Age group Male Female Total Percent 0–14 7 469 688 7 292 649 14 762 337 26.93 15–64 17 329 653 19 118 479 36 448 132 66.49 65+ 1 453 688 2 153 760 3 607 448 6.58
Vital statistics Burma has a low fertility rate (2.23 in 2011), slightly above replacement level, especially as compared to other Southeast Asian countries of similar economic standing, like Cambodia (3.18) and Laos (4.41), representing a significant decline from 4.7 in 1983 to 2.4 in 2001, despite the absence of any national population policy.
The fertility rate is much pronouncedly lower in urban areas. This is attributed to extreme delays in marriage (almost unparalleled in the region, with the exception of developed countries), the prevalence of illegal abortions, and the high proportion of single, unmarried women of reproductive age (with 25.9% of women aged 30–34 and 33.1% of men and women aged 25–34 single).
These patterns stem from several cultural and economic dynamics. The first is economic hardship, which results in the delay of marriage and family-building (the average age of marriage in Burma is 27.5 for men, 26.4 for women). The second is the social acceptability of celibacy among the Burmese, who are predominantly Buddhist and value celibacy as a means of spiritual development.
UN estimates
YearLive births per yearDeaths per yearNatural change per yearCBR1CDR1NC1TFR1IMR11950808,000 496,000312,00045.628.017.65.95213.71951 820,000 499,000 321,00045.427.617.85.95209.81952 832,000 485,000 347,00045.226.418.95.95201.11953 845,000 478,000 367,00045.125.519.65.96193.61954 858,000 469,000 389,00044.824.520.35.97186.71955 868,000 463,000 404,00044.523.720.75.97180.61956 879,000 458,000 421,00044.123.021.15.98175.21957 891,000 456,000 435,00043.822.421.45.99170.51958 900,000 452,000 447,00043.321.721.55.99166.41959 908,000 451,000 457,00042.721.221.55.99162.81960 917,000 449,000 467,00042.220.721.55.98159.31961 926,000 449,000 477,00041.720.221.55.98155.71962 938,000 447,000 491,00041.319.721.65.99151.71963 948,000 445,000 503,00040.919.221.75.99147.41964 960,000 439,000 521,00040.418.522.05.99142.31965 974,000 431,000 543,00040.117.822.35.99136.91966 983,000 425,000 559,00039.617.122.55.96131.31967 996,000 418,000 578,00039.116.422.75.92126.21968 1,007,000 413,000 594,00038.715.922.85.87121.81969 1,019,000 417,000 601,00038.215.722.65.81119.61970 1,032,000 420,000 612,00037.815.422.45.75117.81971 1,046,000 420,000 625,00037.515.122.45.68115.91972 1,056,000 424,000 632,00037.014.922.15.59113.81973 1,066,000 426,000 640,00036.514.621.95.49111.81974 1,069,000 427,000 643,00035.914.321.65.38109.71975 1,078,000 429,000 649,00035.514.121.45.29107.81976 1,088,000 428,000 659,00035.113.821.35.21105.71977 1,096,000 430,000 666,00034.713.621.15.12103.71978 1,105,000 435,000 670,00034.313.520.85.02102.01979 1,117,000 434,000 683,00034.013.220.84.9499.91980 1,122,000 434,000 687,00033.513.020.54.8398.01981 1,129,000 437,000 692,00033.112.820.34.7396.21982 1,145,000 439,000 706,00032.912.620.34.6794.51983 1,162,000 443,000 719,00032.812.520.34.6292.819841,169,000 447,000722,00032.312.420.04.5091.31985 1,153,000 450,000 702,00031.312.219.14.3089.91986 1,133,000 452,000 681,00030.212.018.14.0988.41987 1,112,000 453,000 659,00029.111.817.23.8987.01988 1,094,000 459,000 636,00028.111.816.43.7185.51989 1,102,000 455,000 646,00027.911.516.43.6483.91990 1,102,000 461,000 641,00027.511.516.03.5482.31991 1,101,000 461,000 640,00027.011.315.73.4580.81992 1,096,000 462,000 634,00026.611.215.43.3679.11993 1,092,000 461,000 631,00026.111.015.13.2877.31994 1,082,000 461,000 621,00025.510.914.73.1975.61995 1,072,000 461,000 611,00025.010.714.23.1174.01996 1,068,000 452,000 616,00024.610.414.23.0472.21997 1,059,000 453,000 606,00024.110.313.82.9670.61998 1,051,000 448,000 603,00023.610.113.52.8969.01999 1,046,000 454,000 592,00023.210.113.12.8367.42000 1,046,000 456,000 590,00022.910.012.92.7965.92001 1,059,000 458,000 601,00023.09.913.02.7864.32002 1,071,000 460,000 612,00023.09.913.12.7862.82003 1,054,000 461,000 593,00022.49.812.62.7061.12004 1,033,000 462,000 571,00021.89.712.02.6259.52005 1,016,000 460,000 556,00021.39.611.62.5557.82006 1,004,000 461,000 543,00020.89.611.32.5056.02007 1,000,000 457,000 543,00020.69.411.22.4854.22008 984,000593,000 391,00020.212.18.02.4362.82009 973,000 451,000 521,00019.89.210.62.3950.52010 960,000 456,000 504,00019.49.210.22.3548.72011 952,000 450,000 502,00019.19.010.12.3146.92012 943,000 453,000 489,00018.89.09.72.2745.22013 941,000 446,000 495,00018.78.89.82.2643.52014 941,000 450,000 491,00018.68.89.62.2542.02015 948,000 447,000 501,00018.68.79.72.2740.72016 952,000 455,000 497,00018.68.89.62.2739.42017 949,000 461,000 488,00018.38.89.32.2538.12018 942,000 455,000 488,00018.18.89.22.2336.92019 938,000 461,000 476,00017.88.88.92.2135.72020 928,000 471,000 457,00017.59.08.52.1834.62021 920,000 526,000 395,00017.29.87.42.1633.72022 909,108 493,470 415,63816.99.27.72.132023 903,822 495,470 408,35216.79.27.52.122024 897,269 500,068 397,20116.59.27.32.102025 888,309 506,745 381,56416.29.27.02.08 1 CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births
Registered births and deaths
YearBirthsDeaths2014736,369213,0852015739,152225,5262016765,844213,1872017787,172231,2102018842,816264,6202019853,432283,5702020735,221290,1632021574,910271,0432022635,227214,037
Total fertility rate
Total Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR):
Year Total Urban Rural CBR TFR CBR TFR CBR TFR 2015–2016 18 2.3 (2.0) 16 1.9 (1.7) 18.8 2.4 (2.1)
Crude Birth Rate (CBR), Total Fertility Rate (TFR), and Total Marital Fertility Rate (TMFR) by region (2014 Myanmar Population and Housing Census):
Region Crude Birth Rate (CBR) Total Fertility Rate (TFR) Total Marital Fertility Rate (TMFR) Total (Myanmar) 18.8 2.29 4.0 Urban 15.8 1.79 3.6 Rural 20.1 2.52 4.2Kachin 22.0 2.82 5.1Kayah 26.1 3.34 5.7Kayin 23.8 3.43 5.4Chin 29.9 4.37 6.9Sagaing 19.4 2.32 4.4Tanintharyi 21.9 2.98 5.0Bago 17.6 2.19 3.6Magway 17.6 2.07 3.8Mandalay 16.9 1.94 3.7Mon 18.1 2.44 4.2Rakhine 18.0 2.24 3.5Yangon 15.5 1.72 3.3Shan 21.2 2.67 4.3Ayeyawady 20.2 2.58 4.1Naypyitaw 18.7 2.15 3.4
Years 1925192619271928192919301931193219331934Total Fertility Rate in Myanmar6.036.036.036.036.036.036.036.036.036.03 Years 1935193619371938193919401941194219431944Total Fertility Rate in Myanmar6.036.036.036.036.036.036.036.036.036.03 Years 19451946194719481949Total Fertility Rate in Myanmar6.036.036.036.036.03
Life expectancy