Giorgio Amendola (21 November 1907 – 5 June 1980) was an Italian writer and politician. He is regarded and often cited as one of the main precursors of the Olive Tree. Born in Rome in 1907, Amendola was the son of Lithuanian intellectual and Giovanni Amendola, a liberal anti-fascist who died in 1926 in Cannes after being attacked by killers hired by Italian dictator Benito Mussolini. He secretly joined the Italian Communist Party (PCI) in 1929. After graduating in law, he started to promote opposition to the Mussolini regime.
Arrested and brought into exile in France, and successively banished to Santo Stefano Island in the Pontine Islands, Amendola was freed in 1943 by the resistance troops, which he then joined. After World War II, he served as a deputy in the Italian Parliament for the PCI from 1948 until his death in 1980. He became known especially in the 1970s as one of the leaders of the party's right wing, which espoused gradual removal of the ideas of Soviet Communism and Leninism, and supported alliances with the more moderate parties, especially the Italian Socialist Party, a concept later called Eurocommunism. One of his main allies was Giorgio Napolitano, a member of the Chamber of Deputies who became President of Italy (2006–2015) and remained an avowed disciple and follower of Amendola.
From 1967 onwards, Amendola started to work as a writer; his most notable books include Comunismo, antifascismo e Resistenza ("Communism, Anti-Fascism and Resistance", 1967), Lettere a Milano ("Letters to Milan", 1973), Intervista sull'antifascismo ("Interview on Anti-Fascism", 1976, with Piero Melograni), Una scelta di vita ("A Choice of Life", 1978), and Un'isola ("An Island", 1980), which is considered to be his best work. Amendola died in Rome, aged 72, after a long illness. His wife Germaine Lecocq, whom he met during his French exile in Paris and who helped him to write his last work, died a few hours after Amendola.
Electoral history ElectionHouseConstituencyPartyVotesResult1946Constituent AssemblyNaples–CasertaPCI31,5561948Chamber of DeputiesNaples–CasertaFDP99,0511953Chamber of DeputiesNaples–CasertaPCI124,0251958Chamber of DeputiesNaples–CasertaPCI141,9581963Chamber of DeputiesNaples–CasertaPCI124,4901968Chamber of DeputiesNaples–CasertaPCI131,4691972Chamber of DeputiesNaples–CasertaPCI122,518 Elected1976Chamber of DeputiesNaples–CasertaPCI154,750 Elected1979Chamber of DeputiesNaples–CasertaPCI115,870 Elected1979European ParliamentSouthern ItalyPCI805,449 Elected
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External links Politics, murder and love in an Italian family : the Amendolas in the age of totalitarianisms / R.J.B. Bosworth Giorgio Amendola, Italian writer and politician (1907–1980)