This is a list of alternate history fiction, sorted primarily by type and then chronologically.
Standalone novels Year Title Author DescriptionPre-19th century 1490 Tirant lo Blanch Joanot Martorell A knight from Brittany stops the Turks from taking Constantinople.19th century 1836 Napoleon and the Conquest of the World Louis Geoffroy Napoleon's First French Empire emerges victorious in the French invasion of Russia in 1811 and in an invasion of England in 1814, later unifying the world under Bonaparte's rule. 1845 P.'s Correspondence Nathaniel Hawthorne A New Englander is treated as a madman because of being able to perceive a different reality in which long-dead famous people are still alive (though not necessarily well) in 1845: the poets Burns, Byron, Shelley, and Keats, the actor Edmund Kean, the British politician George Canning and even Napoleon Bonaparte. 1876 Uchronie (Uchronia) Charles Renouvier The Nerva–Antonine emperors ban Christians. 1895 Aristopia Castello Holford The earliest settlers in Virginia discover a reef made of solid gold and are able to build a Utopian society in North America.1930s 1931 If It Had Happened Otherwise Edited by J. C. Squire A collection of alternate history essays. 1935 It Can't Happen Here Sinclair Lewis While Hitler is coming to power in Europe, a fascist candidate becomes President of the USA taking complete control as a dictator. 1939 Lest Darkness Fall L. Sprague de Camp An American archaeologist is transported to 6th century Rome (AD 535).1950s 1952 The Sound of His Horn John William Wall A British naval lieutenant awakens in a Nazi controlled world 102 years on from World War II. 1953 Bring the Jubilee Ward Moore The South is not defeated in the American Civil War because it wins the Battle of Gettysburg.1960s 1962 The Man in the High Castle Philip K. Dick The Axis powers win World War II. 1966 The Gate of Time Philip José Farmer An Iroquois combat pilot finds himself in a world where the New World is underwater and Native Americans settled in Eastern Europe. 1967 The Gate of Worlds Robert Silverberg The Black Death of the 14th century kills three-quarters of the European population. Seven centuries later, the main powers are Russia, Turkey, the Aztecs, the Incas, and Japan. 1968 The Last Starship from Earth John Boyd Jesus Christ becomes a revolutionary agitator and assembles an army to overthrow the Roman Empire and establish a theocracy, which has lasted until the present day. Pavane Keith Roberts Queen Elizabeth I is assassinated, and in the ensuing disorder, the Spanish Armada is successful in suppressing Protestantism in England. 1969 The Bomb That Failed (British, The Last Year of the Old World) Ronald W. Clark The failure of the Trinity test in June 1945 leads to an American invasion of Japan.1970s 1970 All Evil Shed Away Archie Roy Due to the assassination of Winston Churchill in 1940, Nazi Germany wins World War II and is locked in a cold war with the United States. 1971 Lighter than a Feather David Westheimer The Americans invade Japan in November 1945 as part of Operation Downfall. 1972 The Iron Dream Norman Spinrad Adolf Hitler emigrates from Germany to America and uses his modest artistic skills to become first a pulp science fiction illustrator and later a science fiction writer. Tunnel Through the Deeps Harry Harrison Moors win the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa on 16 July 1212 on the Iberian peninsula. John Cabot discovers America, and George Washington is shot as a traitor. 1973 For Want of a Nail Robert N. Sobel The American Revolution fails and the British colonies become the Confederation of North America (CNA), while the defeated rebels go into exile in Spanish Tejas, eventually founding the United States of Mexico (USM). The Ultimate Solution Eric Norden A world resulting from a total Nazi and Imperial Japanese victory in World War II and partition of the world between them. 1974 Das Königsprojekt Carl Amery The Roman Catholic Church attempts to restore the House of Stuart to the English throne by altering history through the use of a time machine invented by Leonardo da Vinci. 1975 Hitler Has Won Frederic Mullally Alternate 1942. Japan strikes north rather than south, the Soviet Union falls, Germany is unassailable in Europe. There is a plot to defeat the Roman Catholic Church and install Hitler as the new Pope. The Female Man Joanna Russ One of the multiple fictional worlds where the novel is set is an alternative 1969 where the Great Depression never ended and World War II never started, so there were no significant feminist movements. The Whenabouts of Burr Michael Kurland Alternate 1997. The U.S. Constitution has been stolen and replaced by one from an alternate world with Aaron Burr's signature in place of that of Alexander Hamilton. Sleuths are led through a series of alternate Americas. 1976 The Alteration Kingsley Amis Martin Luther, rather than beginning the Protestant Reformation, becomes pope. 1978 And Having Writ... Donald R. Bensen Four aliens arrive on Earth in 1908 and try to advance human technology so they can return home. Gloriana Michael Moorcock Queen Gloriana rules over "Albion", an alternative British Empire that rules over America and Asia. SS-GB Len Deighton Detective novel set in 1941 in a Britain occupied by the Germans.1980s 1980 The Divide William Overgard Set in 1976, thirty years after Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan have defeated the United States in World War II. The Moscow Option David Downing The German Army conquers Moscow at the end of 1941. 1983 The Burning Mountain: A Novel of the Invasion of Japan Alfred Coppel During World War II, a lightning strike at the Trinity test postpones deployment of the atomic bomb, forcing the U.S. to invade Japan. The Dragon Waiting: A Masque of History John M. Ford Fantasy alternate history combining vampires, the Medicis, and the convoluted English politics surrounding Edward IV and Richard III. Kelly Country A. Bertram Chandler Australian bushranger and rebel Ned Kelly leads a successful revolution against British colonial rule. The result is that Australia becomes a world power, but the Australian Republic which Kelly founded degenerates into a hereditary dictatorship. A Rebel in Time Harry Harrison A racist colonel wants to change history by helping the CSA win the American Civil War. 1984 The Bush Soldiers John Hooker The Japanese successfully conquer and occupy most of the coastal fringe of Australia. Job: A Comedy of Justice Robert A. Heinlein A man is thrust on a whirlwind tour of numerous parallel universes, at least three of which have William Jennings Bryan elected to the US presidency, each time under different circumstances. 1985 The Proteus Operation James P. Hogan A group of military commandos, diplomats, and scientists travel back to 1939 and try to prevent the Axis Powers from winning World War II. 1986 The Crystal Empire L. Neil Smith The Black Death kills 85 percent of Europe's population. Like in other novels with this premise, Muslims conquer Europe in the centuries afterwards and become a dominant world power by the 20th century. Smith also postulates the plague wiping out the Mongol Empire as well, allowing the Mughal Empire to grow faster and farther in its place. The Coming of the Quantum Cats Frederik Pohl Features the protagonist travelling across multiple different worlds. In one world, Nancy Reagan is the President of the United States and her mostly disregarded husband Ronald is known as "The First Gentleman". John F. Kennedy is a Senator from Massachusetts who is married to Marilyn Monroe. In another, America is a fascist dictatorship where Ronald Reagan remained true to his early left-wing politics and is still married to his first wife Jane Wyman, and in the past of many of the alternate worlds Joseph Stalin (who is known as Joseph Dzhugashvili) escaped from Russia to America in the 1900s, taking with him the proceeds of the 1907 Tiflis bank robbery and using the money to set himself up as a big American capitalist. 1987 Agent of Byzantium Harry Turtledove Imperial Byzantine special agent Basil Argyros is sent on various missions in an alternate universe where Muhammad became a Christian saint. In Search of the Epitaph Bok Koh-il In 1909, Itō Hirobumi survives his assassination attempt by An Jung-geun and succeeds in a complete Japanization of Koreans, which leads to the Empire of Japan dominating Korea by 1987. 1988 Alternities Michael P. Kube-McDowell The Armor of Light Melissa Scott and Lisa A. Barnett Sir Philip Sidney and Christopher Marlowe survive their historical deaths to battle witchcraft in the courts of Elizabeth I and James VI. A Different Flesh Harry Turtledove Homo erectus crossed into the New World instead of the ancestors of the Native Americans, leaving the Pleistocene biosphere intact at the time of the 17th century AD. Fire on the Mountain Terry Bisson John Brown succeeds in his raid on Harpers Ferry and touches off a slave rebellion in 1859. Gray Victory Robert Skimin The Confederacy wins its independence and places Jeb Stuart on trial for losing the Battle of Gettysburg. The New Dinosaurs: An Alternative Evolution Dougal Dixon Non-avian dinosaurs do not die out 65 million years ago but instead keep the mammals in small rodent-like forms.1990s 1990 The Difference Engine William Gibson and Bruce Sterling Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine takes on the roles of modern computers a century earlier. The World Next Door Brad Ferguson People from a world that experienced a nuclear war in 1962 interact with people from a world that did not. A World of Difference Harry Turtledove The 4th planet of the Solar System, named Minerva instead of Mars, is larger and contains intelligent alien life. The only stated change in Earth history is that Mikhail Gorbachev died shortly after taking leadership of the Soviet Union in 1985, and was succeeded by a hardline government so that Glasnost never happened. 1992 Fatherland Robert Harris Set in the 1960s in a Germany which won World War II. The Guns of the South Harry Turtledove The Confederate Army is supplied with AK-47s by early-21st century white supremacist South African time-travelers. Konpeki no Kantai Yoshio Aramaki World War II lasts ten years, Japan becomes a stronger naval power thanks to Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto who appears several years in the past despite dying in the actual World War II. It is later adapted into two OVA series, in which at first Japan defeats the Western Allies in the Pacific but eventually teams up with them to fight Nazi Germany. Resurrections from the Dustbin of History Simon Louvish Following Rosa Luxemburg's successful 1918 revolution in Germany, Hitler flees to the USA. He becomes a senator for Illinois, and his son Rudolph runs for president in 1968 on a racist platform. Trotsky defeats Stalin in Russia, while Mussolini hangs on to power in Italy. 1993 Anti-Ice Stephen Baxter Explosive scientific discovery made in the 1850s advances technology. Aztec Century Christopher Evans Cortez changes sides at the onset of the Conquistador era in the early 16th century, leading to the repulsion of Spanish invasion and occupation of Central America. Down in the Bottomlands Harry Turtledove At the end of the Miocene period, the Mediterranean stays dry to the present day. Elvissey Jack Womack A dystopian 2033 where a Machiavellian multinational corporation has plans for world domination. The Case of the Toxic Spell Dump Harry Turtledove Fantasy with an alternate history undercurrent. History unfolded much as it did in our world, except that magic took the place of science. For example, Adolf Hitler waged a brutal war in the 20th century with magic weapons, Werner Heisenberg defined the uncertainty principle of thaumaturgy, and flying carpets take the place of automobiles. However, there are some fundamental differences, e.g., the United States and Mexico are both ruled by hereditary monarchies. Most importantly, the gods