Pakistan Penal Code

The Pakistan Penal Code (; ), abbreviated as PPC, is a penal code for all offences charged in Pakistan. After the creation of Pakistan in 1947, the country inherited the Indian Penal Code (IPC), originally prepared by Lord Macaulay in 1860 on behalf of the government of British India. Subsequently after several amendments by different governments, in Pakistan it is now a mixture of Islamic and English law. Presently, the Pakistan Penal Code is still in effect and can be amended by the Parliament of Pakistan.

History The draft of the Indian Penal Code was prepared by the First Law Commission, and it was chaired by Lord Macaulay. Its basis is the law of England freed from superfluities, technicalities and local peculiarities. Suggestions were also derived from the French Penal Code and from Livingstone's Code of Louisiana. The draft underwent a very careful revision at the hands of Sir Barnes Peacock, Chief Justice, and puisne Judges of the Calcutta Supreme Court who were members of the Legislative Council, and it was passed into law in 1860. Macaulay did not survive to see the Penal Code's enactment.

Though it is principally the work of a man who had hardly held a brief, and whose time was devoted to politics and literature, it was universally acknowledged to be a monument of codification and an everlasting memorial to the high juristic attainments of its distinguished author. For example, even cybercrimes can be punished under the code.

Structure The Pakistan Penal Code (PPC) consists of 23 chapters, and 511 sections covering various offenses and regulations. The PPC's jurisdiction applies throughout Pakistan and anyone who resides in the country. +Pakistan Penal Code (PPC); Sections 1 to 511ChapterSections coveredClassification of offencesChapter ISections 1—5IntroductionChapter IISections 6—52AGeneral ExplanationsChapter IIISections 53—75Of PunishmentsChapter IVSections 76—106General ExceptionsChapter VSections 107—120Of AbetmentChapter VASections 120A—120BCriminal ConspiracyChapter VISections 121—130Of Offences against the StateChapter VIISections 131—140Of Offences relating to the Army, Navy and Air ForceChapter VIIISections 141—160Of Offences against the Public TranquillityChapter IXSections 161—171Of Offences by or relating to Public ServantsChapter IXASections 171A—171IOf Offences Relating to ElectionsChapter XSections 172—190Of Contempts of Lawful Authority of Public ServantsChapter XISections 191—229Of False Evidence and Offences against Public JusticeChapter XIISections 230—263Of Offences relating to coin and Government StampsChapter XIIISections 264—267Of Offences relating to Weight and MeasuresChapter XIVSections 268—294Of Offences affecting the Public Health, Safety, Convenience, Decency and Morals.Chapter XVSections 295—298Of Offences relating to ReligionChapter XVISections 299—377Of Offences affecting the Human Body.Chapter XVIISections 378—462Of Offences Against PropertyChapter XVIIIASections 462A—462FOf Offences relating to Oil and Gas, etcChapter XVIIISection 463—489EOffences relating to Documents and Property Marks

Offences relating to Documents (Sections 463—477A) Offences relating to Property and Other Marks (Sections 478—489E)Chapter XIXSections 490—492Of the Criminal Breach of Contracts of ServiceChapter XXSections 493—498Of Offences related to marriageChapter XXASection 498A—498BOf Cruelty by Husband or Relatives of HusbandChapter XXISections 499—502Of DefemationChapter XXIISections 503—510Of Criminal Intimidation, Insult and AnnoyanceChapter XXIIISection 511A—511BOf Attempts to Commit Offences

Section 53 (Punishments) The punishments to which offenders are liable under the provisions of this Code are:

Qisas ("retribution"); Diyat; Arsh (Pre-specified Compensation); Daman (Compensation determined by court to be paid by the offender to the victim for causing hurt not liable to Arsh); Ta'zir (punishment, usually corporal, that can be administered at the discretion of a judge) Death; Imprisonment for life; Imprisonment, which is of two descriptions, namely:-- Rigorous (i.e., with hard labour); Simple; Forfeiture of property; Fine

First five punishments are added by amendments and are considered Islamic Punishments, and very few have been sentenced to these punishments so far. Anyone who is sentenced to the first five punishments can appeal to the Federal Shariat Court.

PPC Criminal Offences This law states that any person who commits a crime within Pakistan will be punished according to the laws of Pakistan and no other laws.

378. Theft (Offences Against Property): Theft occurs when a person intentionally takes movable property from another person without their consent. This act involves moving the property with the intent to steal it. The property must be capable of being moved, and consent to take it can be explicit or implied. Even causing an animal to move property unintentionally can constitute theft. However, taking something unintentionally or believing it to be one's own property does not constitute theft. 379. Punishment for Theft (Offences Against Property): Whoever commits theft shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to three years, or with fine, or with both. 383. Extortion: Extortion occurs when a person intentionally instills fear of harm in another individual to dishonestly obtain property, valuable securities, or documents that can be transformed into valuable securities. This includes threats such as defamation, kidnapping, or property damage. 384. Punishment for extortion: Whoever, commits extortion shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to three years, or with fine, or with both. 425. Mischief: Mischief occurs when someone intentionally or recklessly destroys or damages property, causing wrongful loss or harm to the public or an individual. This includes actions that diminish the property's value, utility, or causes harm in any way. The intent to harm the property owner is not necessary; it is sufficient to intend to cause harm to anyone through property damage. Mischief can be committed against one's own property or jointly owned property. 426. Punishment for mischief: Whoever commits mischief shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to three months, or with fine, or with both. 441. Criminal trespass: Whoever enters into or upon property in the possession of another with intent to commit an offence or to intimidate, insult or annoy any person in possession of such property, or, having lawfully entered into or upon such property, unlawfully remains there with intent thereby to intimidate, insult or annoy any such person, or with intent to commit an offence, is said to commit "criminal trespass". 447. Punishment for criminal trespass: Whoever commits criminal trespass shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to three months, or with fine which may extend to Rs 1500, or with both. 442. House-trespass: Whoever commits criminal trespass by entering into or remaining in any building, tent or vessel used as a human dwelling or any building used as a place for worship, or as a place for the custody of property, is said to commit "house-trespass". Explanation: The introduction of any part of the criminal trespasser's body is entering sufficient to constitute house trespass. 448. Punishment for house-trespass: Whoever commits house-trespass shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to one year, or with fine which may extend to Rs 3000, or with both.

Amendments Does not include provincial amendments to the Pakistan Penal Code. S. No.Short title of amending legislationTypeNo.Year1Adaptation of Central Acts and Ordinances Order, 1949Ordinance419492Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, XXXVII of 1953Ordinance3719533Pakistan Penal Code (Amendment) Ordinance, LIX of 1962Ordinance5919624Pakistan Penal Code (Amendment) Act, XX of 1965Legislative Act2019655Pakistan Penal Code (Amendment) Act, XXVII of 1970Legislative Act2719706Offence of Zina (Enforcement of Hudood) Ordinance, VII of 1979Ordinance719797Pakistan Penal Code (Second Amendment) Ordinance, XLIV of 1980Ordinance4419808Pakistan Penal Code (Amendment) Ordinance, XLI of 1980Ordinance4119809Criminal Laws (Amendment) Ordinance, III of 1980Ordinance3198010Federal Laws (Revision and Declaration) Ordinance, XXVII of 1981Ordinance27198111Pakistan Penal Code (Second Amendment) Ordinance, XXX of 1981Ordinance30198112P.P.C. (Amendment) Ordinance, I of 1982Ordinance1198213Anti-lslamic Activities Ordinance XX of 1984 Ordinance20198414Criminal Law (Amendment) Ordinance, XXIV of 1984Ordinance24198415Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, III of 1990Legislative Act3199016Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, VII of 1993Legislative Act7199317Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, I of 1996Legislative Act1199618Pakistan Penal Code (Amendment) Act, XVI of 1996Legislative Act16199619Anti-Terrorism Act, XXVII of 1997Legislative Act27199720Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, II of 1997Legislative Act2199721Criminal Law (Amendment) Ordinance, LXXXV of 2002Ordinance85200222Criminal Laws (Reforms) Ordinance, LXXXVI of 2002Ordinance86200223Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, I of 2005Legislative Act1200524Protection of Women (Criminal Laws Amendment) Act, 2006Legislative Act6200625Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, I of 2010Legislative Act1201026Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, XX of 2011Legislative Act20201127Criminal Law (Second Amendment) Act, XXV of 2011Legislative Act25201128Criminal Law (Third Amendment) Act, XXVI of 2011Legislative Act26201129Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, XXIII of 2012Legislative Act23201230Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, VI of 2016 Legislative Act6201632Criminal Law (Amendment) (Offences on pretext of honour) Act, XLIII of 2016Legislative Act43201631Criminal Law (Amendment) (Offense of Rape) Act, 2016Legislative Act44201633Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, IV of 2017 Legislative Act4201734Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, II of 2024 Legislative Act22024

Pakistan Penal Code

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