The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg has long been a prominent supporter of European political and economic integration. In 1921, Luxembourg and Belgium formed the Belgium-Luxembourg Economic Union (BLEU) to create an inter-exchangeable currency and a common customs regime. Post-war, Luxembourg became a founding member state of the United Nations, and dropped its policy of neutrality to become a founding member state of NATO. Luxembourg expanded its support for European integration, becoming a founding member state of the Benelux Economic Union (today's Benelux Union), and one of the "inner six" founding member states of the three European Communities; the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom), and the European Economic Community (EEC). Subsequently, Luxembourg became a founding member state of the European Union (EU) when the EEC and ECSC were incorporated into it in 1993. Luxembourg is a founding member of the Schengen Area, abolishing internal borders amongst its member states, named after the Luxembourg village where the original agreement — since incorporated into EU law — was signed in 1985. At the same time, the majority of Luxembourgers have consistently believed that European unity makes sense only in the context of a dynamic transatlantic relationship, and thus have traditionally pursued a pro-NATO, pro-US foreign policy.
Luxembourg is the site of the European Court of Justice, the European Investment Bank, the European Court of Auditors, the secretariat of the European Parliament, the Statistical Office of the European Commission (Eurostat), and other EU bodies.
Diplomatic relations List of countries which Luxembourg maintains diplomatic relations with: #CountryDate12—3456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185—186187188189190191—
Bilateral relations
Americas Country Formal Relations BeganNotes3 January 1945See Canada–Luxembourg relations
Diplomatic relations were established on 3 January 1945 Canada is accredited to Luxembourg from its embassy in Brussels, Belgium. Before opening its embassy in Ottawa in late 2024, Luxembourg is accredited to Canada from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States and maintains four honorary consulates (in Calgary, Montreal, Toronto, and Vancouver).Luxembourg embassy in Washington (also accredited to Canada) Both countries are full members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, NATO and the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie.8 January 1947See Luxembourg–Mexico relations
Diplomatic relations were established on 8 January 1947
In 1980, Prime Minister Pierre Werner paid an official visit to Mexico. In March 1996, Grand Duke Jean paid a visit to Mexico. During the Grand Duke's visit, both nations signed an Air Transportation Agreement. In April 2019, Prime Minister Xavier Bettel paid an official visit to Mexico and met with President Andrés Manuel López Obrador. Before having its consulate in Mexico City, Luxembourg is accredited to Mexico from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States and maintains an honorary consulate in Mérida. Mexico is accredited to Luxembourg from its embassy in Brussels, Belgium and maintains an honorary consulate in Luxembourg City.17 July 1903Diplomatic relations were established on 17 July 1903
The United States, fighting on the Allied side, contributed to Luxembourg's liberation in World War I and World War II. More than 5,000 American soldiers, including U.S. Army General George S. Patton, are buried at the Luxembourg American Cemetery and Memorial near the capital of Luxembourg City, and there are monuments in many towns to American liberators. The strong U.S.-Luxembourg relationship is expressed both bilaterally and through common membership in NATO, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). Luxembourg has an embassy in Washington, D.C. and consulates-general in New York City and San Francisco. United States has an embassy in Luxembourg City.
Asia Country Formal Relations BeganNotes16 November 1972Diplomatic relations were established on 16 November 1972 See China–Luxembourg relations
China has an embassy in Luxembourg City. Luxembourg has an embassy in Beijing. 1 July 1948Diplomatic relations were established on 1 July 1948 See India–Luxembourg relations
India has a consulate general in Luxembourg City. Luxembourg has an embassy in New Delhi.See Japan–Luxembourg relations
Luxembourg has an embassy in Tokyo. Japan has an embassy in Luxembourg City.See Luxembourg–Palestine relations
Palestine is accredited to Luxembourg from its mission in Brussels, Belgium. Luxembourg is accredited to Palestine from its Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Luxembourg City.16 March 1962Luxembourg and South Korea established diplomatic relations on 16 March 1962. Both countries have a shipping agreement in 1987 and an air agreement in 2003. Luxembourg is accredited to South Korea from its embassy in Tokyo, Japan. South Korea is accredited to Luxembourg from its embassy in Brussels, Belgium. High-level Exchanges. 1983 April Chairperson of the Advisory Council on State Affairs Choi Kyu-hah. 1996 October the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade Gong Roh-myong. From Luxembourg to the South Korea. 1997 September Grand Duke Henri and Minister of Economic Affairs Robert Goebbels. 2000 October Prime Minister Jean-Claude Juncker and the Minister of Foreign Affairs Lydie Polfer. (To attend the third ASEM meeting). 2001 March Hereditary Grand Duke Guillaume. 2004 March Minister of Economy Grethen. (Economic Mission). 2006 October Minister of Finance and Budget Frieden and Prince Guillaume of Luxembourg. 2011 April Ministry of Foreign Affairs Jean Asselborn. 2011 May Hereditary Grand Duke Guillaume and Minister of Economy Jeannot Krecke.10 July 1946See Luxembourg–Turkey relations Diplomatic relations were established on 10 July 1946
Bilateral relations between the Republic of Turkey and the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg gained momentum with the opening of a Turkish Embassy in Luxembourg in 1987.
Luxembourg has an embassy in Ankara, which was opened on 29 November 2011. Turkey has an embassy in Luxembourg City. There are 500 ethnic Turk's living in Luxembourg, 200 of whom have dual citizenship. The trade volume between the two States had reached $217 million in 2011.
Luxembourg strongly supports Turkey's candidacy as a full European Union member.15 November 1973See Luxembourg–Vietnam relations
Diplomatic relations were established on 15 November 1973 Luxembourg is accredited to Vietnam from its embassy in Beijing, China. Vietnam is accredited to Luxembourg from its embassy in Brussels, Belgium.
Europe Country Formal Relations BeganNotes30 January 1891Diplomatic relations were established on 30 January 1891 Austria has an embassy in Luxembourg City. Luxembourg has an embassy in Vienna. Both countries are full members of the European Union.18 April 1892See Belgium–Luxembourg relations Diplomatic relations were established on 18 April 1892
Belgium has an embassy in Luxembourg City. Luxembourg has an embassy in Brussels. Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.16 December 1956Diplomatic relations were established on 16 December 1956 Bulgaria is accredited to Luxembourg from its mission in Brussels, Belgium. Luxembourg is accredited to Bulgaria from its mission in Prague, the Czech Republic. Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.3 March 1970Diplomatic relations were established on 3 March 1970 Cyprus is accredited to Luxembourg from its embassy in The Hague, the Netherlands. Luxembourg is accredited to Cyprus from its embassy in Athens, Greece. Both countries are full members of the European Union. 24 April 1922Diplomatic relations were established on 24 April 1922
The Czech Republic has an embassy in Luxembourg City. Luxembourg has an embassy in Prague. Both countries are full members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, of the European Union and of NATO. Both countries shared a common fate in the 14th century when John the Blind of Luxembourg married Eliška Přemyslovna sister of the deceased King Wenceslaus III of Bohemia and became king of Bohemia.4 June 1906Diplomatic relations were established on 4 June 1906 Denmark has an embassy in Luxembourg City. Luxembourg has an embassy in Copenhagen. Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe, the European Union, and NATO.29 August 1991Luxembourg recognised Estonia on February 22, 1923, and re-recognised Estonia on August 27, 1991. Both countries re-established diplomatic relations on August 29, 1991
In 1937, a prominent Estonian political leader Artur Sirk, while a fugitive in Luxembourg was found dead, having apparently committed suicide by jumping out a second-story window. Although the Luxembourg Gendarmerie report assumed suicide, because of inconsistencies in the report, the Estonian chargé d'affaires in Paris, Rudolph Mollerson was sent to investigate. Estonian historians including PustaK. Pusta, Saddiku Paevik, Gesilingen, 1964, vol. 1 and TomingasW. Tomingas, Vaikiv Ajustu Eestis, New York, 1961 have argued that the death was an act of defenestration by agents of the first President of Estonia, Konstantin Päts.
As of December 31, 2007, foreign investments made in Estonia originating from Luxembourg totaled 225 million EUR accounting for 2% of the total volume of foreign direct investments. There are about 300 Estonians living in Luxembourg. An Estonian cultural association was founded in 1998. Estonian President Arnold Rüütel made a state visit to Luxembourg in May 2003, prime minister Andrus Ansip's in 2006.Luxembourgish Prime Minister Jean-Claude Juncker visited Estonia in 1999 and 2007.
Trade agreement between Estonia and Belgium and Luxembourg (1935) Agreement on Road Transport between Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands (came into force 1.12.94) Agreement Between Estonia and the Belgo-Luxembourg Economic Union on the Reciprocal Promotion and Protection of Investments (came into force 23.09.99)Text of the Agreement Between Estonia and the Belgo-Luxembourg Economic Union on the Reciprocal Promotion and Protection of Investments. Agreement Between Estonia and the States of Benelux on Readmission of Persons (came into force 1.02.05) Agreement on the Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Income and Capital Tax evasion (signed 23.05.2006) Estonia is accredited to Luxembourg from its embassy in Brussels, Belgium and maintains an honorary consulate in Luxembourg City. Luxembourg is represented in Estonia through its embassy in Prague (Czech Republic). Luxembourg is accredited to Estonia from its embassy in Prague, Czech Republic. Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.25 October 1921 Diplomatic relations were established on 25 October 1921 Luxembourg is accredited to Finland from its embassy in Copenhagen, Denmark. Finland has an embassy in Luxembourg City. Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland about relations with Luxembourg Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.15 December 1890See France–Luxembourg relations Diplomatic relations were established on 15 December 1890