The Adyghe Autonomous Oblast (Adyghe AO) was an administrative-territorial unit of the RSFSR, which existed from July 27, 1922, to July 1991. The capital was Maykop. (Until 1936, Krasnodar).
History The Adyghe Autonomous Oblast was established on July 27, 1922, as the Cherkess (Adyghe) Autonomous Oblast. On August 24, 1922, it was renamed the Adyghe (Cherkess) Autonomous Oblast of the North Caucasus Krai. On August 3, 1928, it was renamed the Adyghe Autonomous Oblast. On February 7, 1929, as a result of enlargement, 3 districts were formed within the oblast: Krasnogvardeysky (village of Nikolayevskoye), Psekupsky (aul of Ponezhukay) and Shovgenovsky (aul of Khakurinokhabl). From January 10, 1934, the autonomous oblast was part of the Azov-Black Sea Krai. On December 28, 1934, 5 districts were newly formed in the oblast: Koshekhablsky, Krasnogvardeysky (village of Nikolayevskoye), Ponezhukaysky, Takhtamukaysky and Shovgenovsky (aul of Khakurinokhabl). On April 10, 1936, the city of Maykop, Giaginsky District and the Khansky selsoviet of Maykopsky District were transferred to the oblast from the Azov-Black Sea Krai. As a result, the administrative center of the oblast was moved from Krasnodar to the city of Maykop. From September 13, 1937, the Adyghe Autonomous Oblast was part of Krasnodar Krai. On February 21, 1940, the Kuzhorsky rural council of the Tulsky District of Krasnodar Krai was transferred to the Adyghe AO, and the Maykopsky District was formed within its composition.
The oblast then consisted of 7 districts: Giaginsky, Koshekhablsky, Krasnogvardeysky (village of Nikolayevskoye), Maykopsky, Takhtamukaysky, Teuchezhsky (aul of Ponezhukay) and Shovgenovsky (aul of Khakurinokhabl). On April 28, 1962, the territory of the abolished Tulsky District of Krasnodar Krai was annexed to Maykopsky District, thereby giving the territory of the Adyghe Autonomous Oblast its modern shape.
Parade of sovereignties On October 5, 1990, an extraordinary session of the Adyghe Regional Council of People's Deputies adopted a decision to raise the state legal status of the Adyghe Autonomous Oblast to the level of a republic, and proclaimed the Adyghe Soviet Socialist Republic(SSR Adygea; ; ).Исторический очерк On December 15, 1990, the separation of Adygea from Krasnodar Krai was legalized by the Second Congress of People's Deputies of the RSFSR, which amended the Constitution of the RSFSR to remove autonomous oblasts from the krais of which they were a part.Law of the RSFSR of December 15, 1990 "On changes and additions to the Constitution (Basic Law) of the RSFSR" On June 28, 1991, the fifth session of the Regional Council of People's Deputies adopted the "Declaration on State Sovereignty of the Soviet Socialist Republic of Adygea".ДЕКЛАРАЦИЯ О ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОМ СУВЕРЕНИТЕТЕ СОВЕТСКОЙ СОЦИАЛИСТИЧЕСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ АДЫГЕЯ On July 3, 1991, the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR adopted the Law of the RSFSR "On the transformation of the Adyghe Autonomous Oblast into the Soviet Socialist Republic of Adygea within the RSFSR" and submitted an amendment to the Russian Constitution transforming the Adyghe Autonomous Oblast into the Soviet Socialist Republic of Adygea within the RSFSR. This amendment was submitted for consideration to the Congress of People's Deputies of the RSFSR.Law of the RSFSR of July 3, 1991, No. 1540-I "On changes and additions to the Constitution (Basic Law) of the RSFSR in connection with the transformation of autonomous oblasts into Soviet Socialist Republics" In December 1991 – January 1992, elections of deputies to the Supreme Soviet of Adygea took place. In January 1992, Aslan Dzharimov was elected President of the republic. On March 23, 1992, the Supreme Soviet of Adygea adopted a law renaming the SSR Adygea to the Republic of Adygea (Adygea). On April 21, 1992, the Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian Federation adopted an amendment to the Constitution of the RSFSR, which transformed the Adyghe Autonomous Oblast into the Republic of Adygea.Law of the Russian Federation of April 21, 1992, No. 2708-I "On changes and additions to the Constitution (Basic Law) of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic" The amendment entered into force upon publication on May 16, 1992, in "Rossiyskaya Gazeta".
Administrative division As of January 1, 1985, the Adyghe Autonomous Oblast included 2 cities of oblast subordination: Maykop, Teuchezhsk (since 1990 Adygeysk) and 7 districts: Giaginsky — Giaginskaya stanitsa, Koshekhablsky — Koshekhabl aul, Krasnogvardeysky — Krasnogvardeyskoye village, Maykopsky — Tulsky work settlement, Oktyabrsky — Oktyabrsky aul, Teuchezhsky — Teuchezhsk city, Shovgenovsky — Shovgenovsky aul.
Population Dynamics of the population of the oblast: Year Area, km2 Population, people Source 1930 3 015 113 700 1939 3 048 241 799 1939 Census 1959 3 900 284 690 1959 Census 1970 7 600 385 644 1970 Census 1979 7 600 404 504 1979 Census 1989 7 600 432 588 1989 Census
National composition of the population according to the 1979 census: Nationality Population, people Share of total population, % Russians 285 626 70.6 Adyghe 86 388 21.4 Ukrainians 12 078 3.0 Armenians 6 359 1.6 Tatars 2 415 0.6 Belarusians 2 244 0.6
See also Republic of Adygea
Notes
Literature
External links Administrative-territorial division of the RSFSR Law of the RSFSR of December 2, 1981 "On the Adyghe Autonomous Oblast" (as amended on May 28, 1986) Handbook on the History of the Communist Party and the Soviet Union 1898 – 1991