Sanshō may refer to:
Sanshō (sumo) (), three special prizes awarded at official sumo tournaments Sanshō (spice) (), name of a plant, Zanthoxylum piperitum, also known as "Japanese pepper" or "Korean pepper" , a 1954 film directed by Kenji Mizoguchi
People with the given name Sanshō include: Kawarazaki Sanshō (1838–1903), Japanese kabuki actor Sansho Shinsui (1947–2017), Japanese film and television actor
See also Acmella oleracea, species of flowering herb sometimes called "Sanshō buttons" Sichuan pepper, Zanthoxylum bungeanum, not to be confused with the Japanese spice sanshō Sanshou, Chinese self-defense system and combat sport