Eugene Ellsworth Rousseau (August 23, 1932 – August 26, 2024) was an American classical saxophonist. He played mainly the alto and soprano saxophones, though early in his career he was equally active as a clarinetist.
Life and career A performer on both clarinet and saxophone in his younger years, "Gene" Rousseau was heard on Chicago's WGN radio in February 1950 at age 17."Citizens Show to Fete School at Blue Island." Chicago Tribune, 19 February 1950, SW7. He graduated from Chicagoland's Blue Island Community High School (later renamed Dwight D. Eisenhower High School) in 1950, having received the school band's top award as a graduating senior. During 1950–54, he attended Chicago Musical College while also leading a small dance band in and around Blue Island; he received his Bachelor of Music Education degree in June 1953.”Eugene Rousseau to Receive B. of M.E. Degree.” Blue Island (IL) Sun Standard, 1 January 1953. He completed his master's degree at Northwestern University in 1953–54, during which time he actively performed with jazz and dance combos in Chicagoland.“Music Under the Stars 1953 Edition.” Blue Island (IL) Sun Standard, 1 January 1953, 57. He was briefly a member of the "Third Herd" band of Woody Herman at this time as well.“Rousseau Plays Junior-Senior Prom at Shoreland May 1.” Blue Island (IL) Sun Standard, 13 Ma7 1954, 10.
In early November 1954, Rousseau volunteered for "immediate induction" into the U.S. Army and soon departed for Camp Chaffee, Arkansas.”Yank News.” Blue Island (IL) Sun Standard, 11 November 1954, 10. He finished basic training in January 1955 and, after a furlough, chose specialized instruction rather than the Army's Office Candidate School.”Yank News.” Blue Island (IL) Sun Standard, 20 January 1955, 2. Rousseau took intelligence analysis training at Fort Riley, Kansas, but, because there were no immediately vacant positions, his remaining Army service was given to music making and instruction.”Yank News.” Blue Island (IL) Sun Standard, 19 May 1955, 9. With the 25th Division Band in Hawaii, he was the group's assistant director and gave woodwind lessons to several members. He led the eight-piece jazz combo, the Lightningaires, playing for Army and private functions,“Yank News.” Blue Island (IL) Sun Standard, 15 March 1956, 10. and formed a "junior orchestra" of Army men and children to whom he was giving private lessons.”Yank News.” Blue Island (IL) Sun Standard, 6 October 1955, 16.
Beginning in the late 1950s, he directed the Concert and Varsity Bands and taught all woodwinds at Luther College.”Outdoor ‘Pop’ Concert Set at Luther.” The LaCrosse (WI) Tribune, 14 May 1958, 18.Noble, Weston H. “Problems and Advantages of a Small College Band in a Church Affiliated School.” Music Educators Journal 47:3 (January 1961), 46, 48. His 1960–61 year, on leave from Luther College, was spent in Paris on a Fulbright Grant. He studied at the Paris Conservatory with both Marcel Mule (saxophone) and Henri Druart (clarinet); his wife, Norma, a soprano vocalist, studied with the Paris Opera's Maurice Faure.“To Hear Trio Wednesday.” Sedalia (MO) Democrat, 5 January 1964, 14. Rousseau completed his Ph.D. in music literature and performance in clarinet at the University of Iowa in 1962,”Nine Ex-Students Hold Ph.D. Degress.” Blue Island (IL) Sun Standard, 27 February 1964, 17 having studied with Himie Voxman.Bruce P. Gleason, "Himie Voxman: His Contributions to Music Education" Research and Issues in Music Education, Vol. 10, no. 1, 2012 During 1962–64, Rousseau was the Director of Bands (including Marching Band) at Central Missouri State College, during which time his off-campus appearances included both guest-conducting and saxophone and clarinet recitals.”Concert by Clinic Band is Tonight.” Chillocothe (MO) Constitution-Tribune, 2 December 1963, 9.”CMSC Homecoming Parade of 96 Floats and Bands is Called Biggest and Best.” Daily Star-Journal (Warrensburg, MO), 21 October 1963, 1.”Dr. Rousseau Concert to be Tomorrow.” Daily Star-Journal (Warrensburg, MO), 30 January 1963 (clarinet recital), 1.
Rousseau joined the Indiana University School of Music faculty in 1964 and stayed until 2000, teaching saxophone. While teaching there, he also made decades of appearances across the U.S. and beyond, as a saxophone clinician and recital or concerto soloist.”Saxophone, Guitar Soloists with Concert; ‘Pirates’ on Weekend.” San Bernardino County Sun, 2 August 1970, 54.”Guest Artists to Conduct Music Clinic, Concert.” Ames (IA) Tribune, 4 February 1966, 4. His December 1966, January 1968, and October 1970 appearances in LondonSee “London Diary for January.” The Musical Times 107:1486 (December 1966), 1117; “London Diary for February.” The Musical Times 109:1499 (January 1968), 96; “London Diary for November.” The Musical Times 111:1532 (October 1970), 1071. led to his LP recording of saxophone concerti for Deutsche Grammophon, released in 1971.
With Paul Brodie,Sax, Mule & Co, Jean-Pierre Thiollet, H & D, 2004, p. 139 another pupil of Marcel Mule, he was the co-organizer of the first World Saxophone Congress in Chicago in 1969. The North American Saxophone Alliance honored him with its highest award, an Honorary Life Membership. Rousseau served as President of both the North American Saxophone Alliance (1979–80) and the Comité International du Saxophone (1982–85).
He began work as saxophone consultant with Yamaha Corporation in 1972. The "Eugene Rousseau saxophone mouthpiece" has been commercially available since the late 1970s. In 1985, he recorded a video program for Yamaha titled Steps to Excellence.
Rousseau taught masterclasses at the Mozarteum in Salzburg annually for many years beginning in 1991. In 1993, he was designated an honorary faculty member of the Prague Conservatory.
At Indiana University, Rousseau held the title Distinguished Professor of Music. Rousseau joined the music faculty at the University of Minnesota in the fall of 2000. In 2003, he hosted the 13th World Saxophone Congress there, having also presided over its organizing committee. He retired from teaching in 2015.
Rousseau died on August 26, 2024, at the age of 92.
Publications An early (1956) article surveyed research-to-date concerning perceptability of differences in clarinet-body material (grenadilla, metal, synthetics), reaching back to Sousa Band demonstrations by Bettoney. It remains a useful study of the matter.Rousseau, Eugene E. "Materials for Making Clarinets." The Instrumentalist 10:8 (April 1956), 33-35.
Rousseau's book Marcel Mule: His Life and the Saxophone was also published in France as Marcel Mule: sa vie et le saxophone. He also published two method books: The E. Rousseau Beginning Saxophone Method (English, German, Japanese) and Saxophone High Tones (English, French, German). Many of his transcriptions for saxophone have been published as well.
Discography Rousseau recorded with the Haydn Trio of Vienna, the Budapest Strings, and the Winds of Indiana.
Saxophone Concertos (Deutsche Grammophon, 1971) was the first disc containing only saxophone concertos with orchestra. This recording was reissued on compact disc in 1998. Saxophone Vocalise (Delos 3188) features Rousseau with the Winds of Indiana, Frederick Fennell, conductor, playing classical music of Bruch, Gershwin, Heiden, Massenet, Muczynski, Puccini et al.Description of Rousseau's album "Saxophone Vocalise" Celebration (McGill) features Rousseau with the Gerald Danovitch Saxophone Quartet Eugene Rousseau with the Haydn Trio of Vienna (RICA-1003) The Music of Jindrich Feld ( RICA-1004) features Rousseau playing music of this Czech composer Jindrich Feld with the Janacek Philharmonic Orchestra and pianist Jaromir Klepac The Undowithoutable Instrument (RICA-1002) features Rousseau playing soprano saxophone with the Budapest Strings Saxophone Masterpieces (RICA-1001) features Rousseau with pianist Jaromir Klepac Mr. Mellow (Liscio) features Rousseau with the ER Big Band Meditation From Thais (ALCD-7021) features Rousseau playing classical works on several different sizes of saxophones
Musical works written for Rousseau Several pieces for classical saxophone were written for Rousseau, including: Juan Orrego-Salas, "Partita" Jindřich Feld, "Sonata for Alto Saxophone and Piano" Bernhard Heiden, "Solo" (1969) Bernhard Heiden, Fantasia Concertante – for alto saxophone and winds Frederick A. Fox, Hear Again in Memory Frederick A. Fox, Visitations – for two saxophones Don Freund, "Skyscrapings" – for alto saxophone and piano David DeBoor Canfield, Concerto after Gliere (2007) – for alto saxophone and orchestra David DeBoor Canfield, Quintet for Alto Saxophone and String Quartet with Chimes Ad Libitum (2016) Libby Larsen, "Song Concerto" – for soprano and alto saxophones and chamber orchestra Claude Baker, "Lamentations (pour la fin du monde)" – for soprano and alto saxophones and chamber orchestra Marco Ciccone, "Mélodie pour Eugene Rousseau" (2014) – for alto saxophone and orchestra (strings and harp)
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