Kurdamir () is a city and the capital of the Kurdamir District of Azerbaijan. It is located in Aran Economic Region. The city's population is 18,100 people.
Geography The district shares borders with Agsu, Goychay, Ujar, Imishli, Sabirabad, Hajigabul and Zardab rayons. It has a warm semi-arid climate. The relief mainly consists of lowland plains that are below sea level. The river network is very sparse (Girdymanchay and Aghsu rivers flow through this region). Mainly Gray-Brown Earth and Gray soils are commonly found under Kserofit bushes and Tugay forests, semi-arid deserts. Wild boars, wolves, foxes, jackals, pheasants, francolins, wild ducks and geese, etc. constitute the fauna of the district. Moreover, the Shirvan collector passed through the territory of the district. The improper human activities when using irrigation, outstanding runoff precipitation, as well as the wind, cause soil erosion in the region.
Climate A dry subtropical climate is mostly characteristic of the region. These climates tend to have hot, sometimes extremely hot, summers and warm to cool winters, with some to minimal precipitation. Rainless summers and wetter winters. Rainfall ranges from 430 mm-185, relative air humidity from 50 - 60% in summer, 75 - 80% during the winter months. The average temperature is 4.6 °C in January and 28 °C in July. The average annual temperature is 15.8 °C in the region. The highest temperature ever recorded in Kurdamir was 44 °C (2000).
History
Kurdamir district was founded in 1930 as the center of the Aran economic region. In 1963, due to the creation of the party committees of the kolkhoz-sovkhoz production department, the Agsu and Kurdamir regions were united, and in January of the same year, the Kurdamir kolkhoz-sovkhoz party committee was established. In 1964, according to the plenum of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Azerbaijan SSR the new system was abolished, the old structure was restored, Kurdamir and Agsu districts were separated, and each started to function as an independent region. The share of industry in the economy of Kurdemir began to rise in 1883 after the establishment of the Baku-Tbilisi railway line. As the railway line passed through Kurdamir, it also contributed to the transportation of agricultural products on time and positively to the development of this field in the district. As a result of it, in 1884 Kurdemir's agricultural products were already sold in Russian markets. All the above factors led to the formation of Kurdamir as a new administrative center. At the beginning of the twentieth century, Kurdamir was already the administrative center of the Goychay region and included 67 villages and migratory places. During the Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan, Kurdamir became an active center in the liberation of Baku. In 1920, the Soviet power was established in Kurdamir as well as in the whole of Azerbaijan. Kurdemir played a major role as an economic and cultural center during the Soviet era.
Economy
The economy of the district is mainly based on agriculture. Cotton growing, grain growing, livestock, as well as viticulture and fishery, are the important parts of its economy. The share of poultry and livestock in the district are considered essential.
Agriculture The main agricultural outputs of the region are sugar beets, cotton growing, grain growing, viticulture, fishery, and dairy products related to livestock. In the Kurdamir region, 144 million 915.5 thousand AZN agricultural products were produced in 2017. The actual cost of gross output of agriculture increased by 18 million 941 thousand AZN or 13.1 percent, compared to the previous year. Thus, 40.6% of the total output of the region fell to the share of agriculture. Last year the region produced 14,795 tons of potatoes, 22,550 tons of vegetables, 69,833 tons of melons, 23 tons of groundwater, 875 tons of sugar beet, 20 tons of sunflower, 100 tons of soybeans, 103 tons of buckwheat, 26,176 tons of fruit, and 2,967 tons of grapes. More than 3,000 hectares of pomegranate gardens have been planted in the district, and more than 500 hectares of these gardens have been cultivated. Recently, the number of cattle has increased to 64,785, and the number of sheep and goats has increased to 135,861. In the first half of this year, meat production increased by 17.7%, dairy production by 6.7%, egg production by 64.5%, wool production by 21.5%. In the fall of last year, 45,040 hectares of grain, including 16,072 hectares of wheat, 28,968 hectares of barley, were sown. 201020122013201420152016Total area of sown agricultural crops (ha) Cereals and cereal legumes339543737237210368453960840372Including wheat141381459114804143101342413256Cotton191915121221911Sugar beet--100---Sunflower for seed production13069336548611Potato102113331262118412141217Vegetables252029832960278026982475Viticulture378142674195402740984059Fruit and berry278729042911268326973071Grape521364371371248248Productivity (in all categories of farming), tonCereals and cereal legumes51371758858247661778110697104007Including wheat227742951633401239573829036586Cotton21812612102111Sugar beet--90---Sunflower for seed production114843847512119Potato100421403513530128581353414089Vegetables180192109421637218182226022514Viticulture421694807348294479166592169602Fruit and berry205232138121432215742232119384Grape440339863816399429532753Productivity (in all categories of farming), centner / haCereals and cereal legumes15,120,322,216,827,925,8Including wheat16,120,222,616,728,527,6Cotton10,84,35,16,14,611,6Sugar beet--9---Sunflower for seed production9,112,711,914,614,917,9Potato98105107109112112Vegetables727173788385Viticulture112113115119161172Fruit and berry104,487,586,289,991,179,0Grape66,174,568,266,847,451,1Number of livestock (in total)Cattle613536330463597627566409864692including cow and buffalo311063250733256328893351633548Sheep and goats129840131428133162133269131814135562Pigs187250261260252221Birds344272359122372878372023375903382291Bee Families7828288458899981036Production of animal products, tonMeat509853135438549055285537Milk326933740041564416204178642786Eggs, thousand142421475514853154971554415553Wool211211214216221222
Industry
201020122013201420152016Number of operating enterprises total, unit141511111111Industrial product (actual price of the relevant year), thousand AZN373003841945489249055511169963Industrial product, relative to previous year, in percent (at comparable prices)174,5151,899,563,3190,0108,5Share of private sector in industrial product, in percent93,392,492,582,890,892,2Price of finished goods remaining in inventory at the end of the period, thousand AZN35,533,914,680,5127,5112,8Average number of employees - total485592677687527661Average monthly salary of employees, AZN207,4263,7306,6330,2375,9394,8Availability of the main industrial and production assets (at the end of the year, at balance sheet), thousand AZN337514150346414464114760251265Production of basic types of products in natural expression:Flour13543211752310432758097122181105717Alcohol, thousand dekaliter13,830,023,415,82,40,3Brandy (cognac), dekaliter10,019,311,71,8-7,7Fermented milk, ton-273,32026941,715451920Sour cream and heavy cream, ton----30,3345,4Bread and bakery products, tons177,0265,0206,0193,014138,8
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Transport Rail
Kürdəmir sits on one of the Azerbaijani primary rail lines running east–west, connecting the capital, Baku, with the rest of the country. The Kars–Tbilisi–Baku railway will run along the line through the city. The railway provides both human transportation and transport of goods and commodities such as oil and gravel.
Kürdəmir's Central Railway Station is the terminus for national and international rail links to the city. The Kars–Tbilisi–Baku railway, which will directly connect Turkey, Georgia, and Azerbaijan, began to be constructed in 2007 and is scheduled for completion in 2015. The completed branch will connect the city with Tbilisi in Georgia, and from there trains will continue to Akhalkalaki, and Kars in Turkey.Railway Gazette International February 2009 p54 with map
References
External links