The dialogue of and is an anonymous Arabic text depicting a fictitious debate between anonymous interlocutors, one Christian and one Muslim. It is a theological and apologetic text, and a rare survival from the literature of the Christians of al-Andalus. It was brought to scholarly attention by Giorgio Levi Della Vida., citing .
The dialogue is preserved in a single manuscript copied about the year 1300 and once kept in the Great Mosque of Kairouan. Today it is MS 2003/2 in the National Museum of Islamic Art in Raqqāda. The manuscript is in poor condition and the text of the dialogue is only mostly complete. Much of it, however, is illegible. Nine of fourteen pages (seven leaves) are extant, but only about four pages of dialogue can be reconstructed. The manuscript also contains the Mozarabic Universal History, the Apology of Timothy the Patriarch before the Caliph Mahdi and a selection of biblical quotations. The dialogue of and has yet to be identified with any other known work.
The main purpose of the dialogue is to demonstrate by reason that God is a Trinity. The Christian, described as (the Catholic), poses challenges to his Muslim interlocutoar, described as (the Arab), with the intent of proving the truth of Christianity. The scholar Samir Khalil Samir suggested that might mean catholicos, but the spelling suggests Catholic.See , for argument. , also has catholicos. The basic argument is that knowledge () and will () are coeternal and consubstantial with God and can be identified with the Son and the Holy Ghost, respectively. The Christian argues for the distinctly Catholic doctrine of the double procession of the Holy Ghost.
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