Raychaudhuri is a surname. Notable people with the name include:
Amal Kumar Raychaudhuri (1923–2005), Indian physicist in general relativity and cosmology Amitava Raychaudhuri, Indian theoretical particle physicist Arup Kumar Raychaudhuri (born 1952), Indian condensed matter physicist, Distinguished Emeritus Professor Dipankar Raychaudhuri (born 1955), Director of the Wireless Information Network Laboratory (WINLAB) Hem Chandra Raychaudhuri (1892–1957), Indian historian, known for his studies on ancient India Pratap Raychaudhuri (born 1971), Indian physicist at Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bombay Soumya Raychaudhuri, Professor of Medicine and Biomedical informatics at Harvard Medical School Tapan Raychaudhuri (1926–2014), British-Indian historian specializing in British Indian history
See also Raychaudhuri equation, a fundamental result describing the motion of nearby bits of matter