Astaburuaga, sometimes spelled Asta-Buruaga, is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Francisco Solano Astaburuaga y Cienfuegos (1817–1892), Chilean politician and lawyer Julita Astaburuaga (1919–2016), Chilean socialite Luis Osvaldo Escobar Astaburuaga (1915–2010), Chilean surgeon and politician Mario Astaburuaga (1904–1951), Chilean swimmer Paulina Saball Astaburuaga (born 1952), Chilean politician and social worker René Amengual Astaburuaga (1911–1954), Chilean composer, educator, and pianist Tomás Asta-Buruaga (born 1996), Chilean footballer