The 1810–11 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between April 24, 1810, and August 2, 1811. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives before the first session of the 12th United States Congress convened on November 4, 1811. They occurred during President James Madison's first term. Elections were held for all 142 seats, representing 17 states.

One newly elected Representative, Henry Clay, also was elected Speaker.

With the repeal of the Embargo Act of 1807, the economy improved. The opposition Federalists lost voter support and the Democratic-Republicans recovered a supermajority.

Election summaries + ↓ 107 36 Democratic-Republican Federalist

State Type Date Totalseats Democratic-Republican Federalist Seats Change Seats Change Kentucky Districts August 6, 1810 6 6 0 New York Districts April 24–26, 1810 17 12 3 5 3 North Carolina Districts August 9, 1810 12 10 1 2 1 Rhode Island At-large August 28, 1810 2 0 2 Connecticut At-large September 17, 1810 7 0 7 Georgia At-large October 1, 1810 4 4 0 Maryland Districts 9 6 3 Delaware At-large October 2, 1810 1 0 1 New Jersey At-large October 8–9, 1810 6 6 0 South Carolina Districts 8 8 0 Ohio At-large October 9, 1810 1 1 0 Pennsylvania Districts 18 17 1 1 1 Vermont Districts November 4, 1810 4 3 2 1 2 Massachusetts Districts November 5, 1810 17 9 2 8 2 Late elections (After the March 4, 1811 beginning of the next Congress) Virginia Districts April 1811 22 17 5 New Hampshire At-large April 1, 1811 5 4 4 1 4 Tennessee Districts August 1–2, 1811 3 3 0 Total 142 106 13 36 13

Special elections

There were special elections in 1810 and 1811 to the 11th United States Congress and 12th United States Congress.

Elections are sorted by date then district.

11th Congress

! | William Denning | | Democratic-Republican | 1808 | | Incumbent resigned in 1810.New member elected April 24–26, 1810 and seated December 4, 1810.Democratic-Republican hold.Winner also elected to the next term; see below. | nowrap |

! | Benjamin Howard | | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | | Incumbent resigned April 10, 1810 to become Governor of Louisiana Territory.New member elected August 6, 1810 and seated December 13, 1810.Democratic-Republican hold.Winner did not run for the next term; see below. | nowrap |

! | Samuel W. Dana | | Federalist | 1796 | | Incumbent resigned in May 1810 after election as U.S. senator.New member elected September 17, 1810 and seated December 3, 1810.Federalist hold.Winner lost election to the next term; see below. | nowrap |

! | Roger Nelson | | Democratic-Republican | 1804 | | Incumbent resigned May 14, 1810 to become associate judge of the fifth judicial circuit of Maryland.New member elected October 1, 1810 and seated December 7, 1810.Democratic-Republican hold.Winner also elected to the next term; see below. | nowrap |

! | Jabez Upham | | Federalist | 1806 | | Incumbent resigned in 1810.New member elected October 8, 1810 and seated December 13, 1810.Federalist hold.Winner did not run to the next term; see below. | nowrap |

! | William Stedman | | Federalist | 1803 | | Incumbent resigned July 16, 1810 to become Clerk of Courts for Worcester County.New member elected October 8, 1810 and seated December 14, 1810.Federalist hold.Winner later elected to the next term; see below. | nowrap |

! | James Cox | | Democratic-Republican | 1810 | | Incumbent died September 12, 1810.New member elected October 30–31, 1810 and seated December 3, 1810.Democratic-Republican hold.Winner did not run for the next term; see below. | nowrap |

! | John G. Jackson | | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | | Incumbent resigned September 28, 1810 after being wounded in a duel.New member elected in November 1810 and seated December 21, 1810.Democratic-Republican hold.Winner later lost election to the next term; see below. | nowrap |

! | John Brown | | Democratic-Republican | 1808 | | Incumbent resigned in 1810 to become clerk of the county court of Queen Anne's County.New member elected November 15, 1810 and seated December 3, 1810.Democratic-Republican hold.Winner was also elected to the next term; see below. | nowrap |

! | Robert Marion | | Democratic-Republican | 1804 | | Incumbent resigned December 4, 1810, having already retired.New member elected December 31, 1810 and seated January 24, 1811.Democratic-Republican hold.Winner had already been elected to the next term; see below. | nowrap |

12th Congress

! | John Brown | | Democratic-Republican | 1808 | | Representative-elect declined to serve to become clerk of the county court of Queen Anne's County.New member elected November 15, 1810 and seated at the beginning of the Congress.Democratic-Republican hold.Winner was also elected to finish the current term; see above. | nowrap |

! | John Montgomery | | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | | Incumbent resigned April 29, 1811 to become Attorney General of Maryland.New member elected October 2, 1811 and seated November 4, 1811.Democratic-Republican hold. | nowrap |

! | Joseph B. Varnum | | Democratic-Republican | 1795 | | Incumbent resigned June 29, 1811 when elected U.S. senator.New member elected November 4, 1811 and seated January 22, 1812.Democratic-Republican hold. | nowrap | Second ballot

Connecticut

! rowspan=7 | | Lewis B. Sturges | | Federalist | 1805 | Incumbent re-elected. | rowspan=7 nowrap |

| Jonathan O. Moseley | | Federalist | 1804 | Incumbent re-elected.

| Benjamin Tallmadge | | Federalist | 1801 | Incumbent re-elected.

| Epaphroditus Champion | | Federalist | 1806 | Incumbent re-elected.

| Timothy Pitkin | | Federalist | 1805 | Incumbent re-elected.

| Samuel W. Dana | | Federalist | 1796 | | Incumbent resigned in May 1810 after election as U.S. senator.Federalist hold.Successor (Law) was not elected to finish the current term; see above.

| John Davenport | | Federalist | 1798 | Incumbent re-elected.

Delaware

! | Nicholas Van Dyke | | Federalist | 1807 | | Incumbent retired.Federalist hold. | nowrap |

Georgia

! rowspan=4 | | William W. Bibb | | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Incumbent re-elected. | rowspan=4 nowrap |

| George Troup | | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Incumbent re-elected.

| Howell Cobb | | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Incumbent re-elected.

| Dennis Smelt | | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic-Republican hold.

Indiana Territory See Non-voting delegates, below.

Kentucky

! | Matthew Lyon | | Democratic-Republican | 1797 1803 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Democratic-Republican hold. | nowrap |

! | Samuel McKee | | Democratic-Republican | 1808 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Samuel McKee (Democratic-Republican) 100%

! | Henry Crist | | Democratic-Republican | 1808 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic-Republican hold. | nowrap |

! | Richard M. Johnson | | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | Benjamin Howard | | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | | Incumbent resigned April 10, 1810 to become Governor of Louisiana Territory.Democratic-Republican hold.Successor was not a candidate to finish the current term, see above. | nowrap | Henry Clay (Democratic-Republican) 100%

! | Joseph Desha | | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Joseph Desha (Democratic-Republican) 100%

Maryland

Maryland held its elections October 1, 1810.

! | John Campbell | | Federalist | 1801 | | Incumbent retired.Federalist hold. | nowrap |

! | Archibald Van Horne | | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic-Republican hold. | nowrap |

! | Philip Barton Key | | Federalist | 1806 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | Roger Nelson | | Democratic-Republican | 1804 | | Incumbent resigned May 14, 1810 to become associate judge of the fifth judicial circuit of Maryland.Democratic-Republican hold.Successor also elected to finish the current term; see above. | nowrap |

! rowspan=2 | | Nicholas R. Moore | | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Democratic-Republican hold. | rowspan=2 nowrap |

| Alexander McKim | | Democratic-Republican | 1808 | Incumbent re-elected.

! | John Montgomery | | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | John Brown | | Democratic-Republican | 1808 | Incumbent re-elected but declined the seat and resigned, leading to a special election. | nowrap |

! | Charles Goldsborough | | Federalist | 1804 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

Massachusetts

Massachusetts held its elections November 5, 1810. Massachusetts law required a majority for election. This was not met in the necessitating a second election on April 1, 1811.

! | Josiah Quincy | | Federalist | 1804 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | Benjamin Pickman Jr. | | Federalist | 1808 | | Incumbent retired.Federalist hold. | nowrap |

! | Edward St. Loe Livermore | | Federalist | 1806 | | Incumbent retired.Federalist hold. | nowrap |

! | Joseph Bradley Varnum | | Democratic-Republican | 1794 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | William Ely | | Federalist | 1804 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | Samuel Taggart | | Federalist | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | Charles Turner Jr. | | Democratic-Republican | 1808 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | Gideon Gardner | | Democratic-Republican | 1808 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic-Republican hold. | nowrap |

! | Laban Wheaton | | Federalist | 1808 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | Joseph Allen | | Federalist | 1810 | | Incumbent retired.Federalist hold. | nowrap |

! | Abijah Bigelow | | Federalist | 1810 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | Ezekiel Bacon | | Democratic-Republican | 1807 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | Ebenezer Seaver | | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | Richard Cutts | | Democratic-Republicans | 1801 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | Ezekiel Whitman | | Federalist | 1808 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Democratic-Republican gain. | nowrap | Second ballot

! | Orchard Cook | | Democratic-Republican | 1804 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic-Republican hold. | nowrap |

! | Barzillai Gannett | | Democratic-Republican | 1808 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

Mississippi Territory See Non-voting delegates, below.

New Hampshire

New Hampshire law required a candidate to receive votes from a majority of voters (10%). In the initial election, only two candidates won a majority, so a second election was held in April 1811 for the remaining three seats, after the congressional term began but before the Congress formally convened. The data from the source used give majorities to all the top five candidates, suggesting that the data are incomplete.

! rowspan=5 | | Daniel Blaisdell | | Federalist | 1808 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Democratic-Republican gain. | rowspan=5 nowrap | First ballot Second ballot

| John Curtis Chamberlain | | Federalist | 1808 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic-Republican gain.

| William Hale | | Federalist | 1808 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Democratic-Republican gain.

| Nathaniel Appleton Haven | | Federalist | 1808 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic-Republican gain.

| James Wilson | | Federalist | 1808 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Federalist hold.

New Jersey

The Federalists ran no official ticket in 1810, but votes were received for various Federalists in some counties.

! rowspan=6 | | Adam Boyd | | Democratic-Republican | 18031804 1808 | Incumbent re-elected. | rowspan=6 nowrap |

| Thomas Newbold | | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Incumbent re-elected.

| William Helms | | Democratic-Republican | 1800 | | Incumbent retired.Federalist hold.

| John A. Scudder | | Democratic-Republican | 1810 | | Incumbent retired.Federalist hold.

| Henry Southard | | Democratic-Republican | 1800