The 1st federal electoral district of Guanajuato () is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of 15 such districts in the state of Guanajuato.
It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the second region.
The current member for the district, elected in the 2024 general election, is Luis Gerardo Sánchez Sánchez of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI).
District territory Under the 2023 districting plan adopted by the National Electoral Institute (INE), which is to be used for the 2024, 2027 and 2030 federal elections, Guanajuato's 1st district covers the north-east of the state, along the border with San Luis Potosí and Querétaro, and comprises 190 electoral precincts () across eight of the state's 46 municipalities: Atarjea, Doctor Mora, Dolores Hidalgo, San Luis de la Paz, Santa Catarina, Tierra Blanca, Victoria and Xichú.
The head town (), where results from individual polling stations are gathered together and tallied, is the city of San Luis de la Paz. The district reported a population of 382,910 in the 2020 census.
Previous districting schemes + Evolution of electoral district numbers 1974 1978 1996 2005 2017 2023 Guanajuato 9 13 15 14 15 15 Chamber of Deputies 196 300Sources:
2017–2022 Between 2017 and 2022, the 1st district had the same configuration as in the 2023 plan.
2005–2017 Under the 2005 plan, Guanajuato had only 14 districts. This district's head town was at San Luis de la Paz and it covered a slightly different group of eight municipalities in the north of the state: The link contains maps of the 2005 and 1996 schemes. Atarjea, San Luis de la Paz, Santa Catarina, Victoria and Xichú, as in the later plans, plus Ocampo, San Diego de la Unión and San Felipe.
1996–2005 In the 1996 scheme, under which Guanajuato was assigned 15 seats, the district had its head town at Dolores Hidalgo and it comprised four municipalities: Dolores Hidalgo, Ocampo, San Diego de la Unión and San Felipe.
1978–1996 The districting scheme in force from 1978 to 1996 was the result of the 1977 electoral reforms, which increased the number of single-member seats in the Chamber of Deputies from 196 to 300. Under that plan, Guanajuato's seat allocation rose from 9 to 13. The 1st district's head town was at the state capital, the city of Guanajuato, and it covered three municipalities: Guanajuato, Romita and Silao.
Deputies returned to Congress
+ Guanajuato's 1st district Election Deputy Party Term LegislatureRamón Frausto1916–1917Constituent Congressof Querétaro ...19761976–197950th Congress1979Rafael Corrales Ayala1979–198251st Congress19821982–198552nd Congress1985Néstor Raúl Luna Hernández1985–198853rd Congress19881988–199154th Congress1991Francisco Agustín Arroyo Vieyra1991–199455th Congress1994Severiano Pérez Vázquez1994–199756th Congress1997Francisco Antonio Ordaz Hernández1997–200057th Congress2000Luis Gerardo Rubio Valdez2000–200358th Congress2003Alfonso Moreno Morán2003–200659th Congress2006Francisco Javier Murillo Flores2006–200960th Congress2009Juan Huerta MonteroAránzazu Quintana Padilla2009–20102010–201261st Congress2012Petra Barrera Barrera2012–201562nd Congress2015Timoteo Villa Ramírez2015–201863rd Congress20182018–202164th Congress20212021–202465th Congress2024Luis Gerardo Sánchez Sánchez2024–202766th Congress
Presidential elections + Guanajuato's 1st district Election District won by Party or coalition % 2018Ricardo Anaya Cortés Por México al Frente34.76352024Claudia Sheinbaum Pardo Sigamos Haciendo Historia 46.3519
Notes
References