Phalloceros anisophallos, the Roque toothcarp, is a species of poeciliid fish native to Brazil.
Distribution Phalloceros anisophallos is found in Brazil in the drainages of rio Parati, rio Barra Grande, rio São Roque, rio Taquari and rio Itinguçu which are small coastal drainages of Rio de Janeiro.
Size The females of this species grow to a total length of , while males remain smaller at . .
Habitat The fish live in tropical freshwater; and are benthopelagic.
Etymology The fish is named in Latin anisos, of unequal or of uneven; phallos, meaning penis, and referring to the asymmetrical terminal appendix of the gonopodium.
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