A series of votes were held at the end of the trial of Louis XVI to determine his guilt and the appropriate punishment. After voting on two initial questions on Tuesday 15 January 1793, the députés considered sentencing over 37 uninterrupted hours of debate on Wednesday 16 and Thursday 17 January. Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud was president during these sessions.
Questions The debate on Monday 14 January was occupied with determining the wording of the resolutions to be voted on.
On Tuesday 15 January 1793, at the National Convention, a roll call vote took place on the first two questions:
1 "Is Louis Capet guilty of conspiracy against public liberty and attacks against the general security of the State, yes or no?" 2 "Should the judgment of the National Convention against Louis Capet be submitted to the ratification of the people, yes or no?"
The members from each département were called in turn, beginning with the letter G, with each announcing their votes from the podium.
Next, from 10:30 am on Wednesday 16 January until the evening of Thursday 17 January, without interruption, a roll-call vote was conducted on the third question, starting with the département of Haute-Garonne:
3 "What punishment should be imposed on Louis?"
It was then that Jean-Baptiste Mailhe, the first to speak, declared:
"As a natural consequence of the opinion that I have already expressed on the first question, I vote for the death of Louis. I will make only one observation. If death has the majority, I think that it would be worthwhile for the National Convention to examine whether it would not be politic and useful to hasten, or to delay, the moment of execution. This proposition is independent of my vote. I return to the first question and I vote for death."
Some members of the Convention complained that there had been irregularity in the voting in the third question. Following a debate, the Convention agreed that there would be a second roll-call vote on the third question, where each member would be asked to confirm their vote. This meant that there were a total of five votes on four substantive questions.
Mailhe's suggestion raised the question of whether, for any reason, the death sentence ought to be stayed. At the session on Saturday 19 January, despite fierce opposition from Jean-Paul Marat, on the motion of :fr:René-Pierre Choudieu, the Convention decreed that it would immediately discuss the question of a reprieve, and that the question would be put as follows:
4 "Should there be a reprieve of the judgment against Louis Capet?" and that the answer was to be "yes" or "no".
The roll call vote was held in alphabetical order by département, starting with Gers.
Votes The result of the votes on the four questions were as follows: Liste alphabétique de tous les Conventionnels qui ont voté la mort de Louis XVI : dans sa séance permanente des 16 et 17 janvier 1793.
Summary by département Ain – Aisne – Allier – Basses-Alpes – Hautes-Alpes – Ardèche – Ardennes – Ariège – Aube – Aude – Aveyron – Bouches-du-Rhône – Calvados – Cantal – Charente – Charente-Inférieure – Cher – Corrèze – Corse – Côte-d'Or – Côtes-du-Nord – Creuse – Dordogne – Doubs – Drôme – Eure – Eure-et-Loir – Finistère – Gard – Haute-Garonne – Gers – Gironde – Hérault – Ille-et-Vilaine – Indre – Indre-et-Loire – Isère – Jura – Landes – Loir-et-Cher – Loire – Haute-Loire – Loire-Inférieure – Loiret – Lot – Lot-et-Garonne –Lozère - Maine-et-Loire – Manche – Marne – Haute-Marne – Mayenne – Meurthe – Meuse – Morbihan – Moselle – Nièvre – Nord – Oise – Orne – Paris – Pas-de-Calais – Puy-de-Dôme – Basses-Pyrénées – Hautes-Pyrénées – Pyrénées-Orientales – Bas-Rhin – Haut-Rhin – Rhône-et-Loire – Haute-Saône – Saône-et-Loire – Sarthe – Seine-Inférieure – Seine-et-Marne – Seine-et-Oise – Deux-Sèvres – Somme – Tarn – Var – Vendée – Vienne – Haute-Vienne – Vosges – Yonne
Députés are listed by département in the order in which they were elected.
Ain 6 députés and 2 substitutes
+ Députés Is Louis Capet guilty of conspiracy against public liberty and attacks against the general security of the State? Should the judgment of the National Convention against Louis Capet be submitted for ratification by the people? What punishment should be imposed on Louis? Should there be a reprieve of the judgment against Louis Capet? :fr:Étienne Deydier Yes No Death No :fr:Antoine-François Gauthier des Orcières Yes No Death No :fr:Jean-Baptiste Royer Yes Yes Confinement for the duration of the war and banishment after peace is declared. Yes Grégoire Jagot en mission en mission en mission en mission :fr:Jean Luc Anthelme Mollet Yes Yes Detention, then banishment when the security situation permits. Yes :fr:Jean-Marie François Merlino Yes Yes Death No
Aisne 12 députés and 4 substitutes + Députés Is Louis Capet guilty of conspiracy against public liberty and attacks against the general security of the State? Should the judgment of the National Convention against Louis Capet be submitted for ratification by the people? What punishment should be imposed on Louis? Should there be a reprieve of the judgment against Louis Capet? :fr:Nicolas-Marie Quinette Yes No Death No :fr:Jean Antoine Debry Yes No, justified Death No :fr:Louis Étienne Beffroy Yes Yes Death No Louis Antoine Léon de Saint-Just Yes No Death No :fr:Jean-François Belin Yes Yes Detention until peace is declared, and death if foreign powers seek to restore him. Yes :fr:Michel Edme Petit Yes Yes Death No Nicolas de Condorcet Yes No The severest criminal penalty short of death. Abstained :fr:Jean-Jacques Fiquet Yes Yes Confinement during the war and deportation after peace is declared. Yes :fr:Marie Jean François Philibert Le Carlier d'Ardon Yes No Death No :fr:Pierre Loysel Yes Yes Death with a reprieve until the people accept the new constitution. Yes :fr:André Dupin de Beaumont Yes No The severest penalty short of death. No :fr:Augustin Bouchereau Yes No Death with a reprieve to be determined by the Convention. Yes
Allier 7 députés and 4 substitutes + Députés Is Louis Capet guilty of conspiracy against public liberty and attacks against the general security of the State? Should the judgment of the National Convention against Louis Capet be submitted for ratification by the people? What punishment should be imposed on Louis? Should there be a reprieve of the judgment against Louis Capet? :fr:Gilbert Chevalier Yes Yes Abstained Abstained :fr:Pourçain Martel Yes No Death No :fr:Claude-Lazare Petitjean Yes Abstained Death No :fr:Pierre Jacques Forestier Yes No Death No :fr:Joseph Beauchamp en mission en mission en mission en mission :fr: Pierre François Félix Joseph Giraud Yes No Death, with a reprieve until the Convention has taken measures to ensure public security. Sick :fr:Étienne Vidalin Yes No Death en mission
Basses-Alpes 6 députés and 2 substitutes + Députés Is Louis Capet guilty of conspiracy against public liberty and attacks against the general security of the State? Should the judgment of the National Convention against Louis Capet be submitted for ratification by the people? What punishment should be imposed on Louis? Should there be a reprieve of the judgment against Louis Capet? :fr:Jacques Verdollin Yes Yes Imprisonment for the duration of the war and banishment after peace is declared. Yes :fr:Claude Louis Réguis Yes Yes Detention throughout the war and exile following peace, on pain of death. Yes :fr:Pierre Jacques Dherbez-Latour Yes No Death No :fr:Marius Félix Maïsse Yes Yes Death Sick Louis François Peyre Yes Yes Death, with the Mailhe amendment. No :fr:Marc-Antoine Savornin Yes No Death, with the Mailhe amendment. No
Hautes-Alpes 5 députés and 4 substitutes + Députés Is Louis Capet guilty of conspiracy against public liberty and attacks against the general security of the State? Should the judgment of the National Convention against Louis Capet be submitted for ratification by the people? What punishment should be imposed on Louis? Should there be a reprieve of the judgment against Louis Capet? :fr:Pierre Barrety Yes Yes Detention during the war and exile after peace is declared. Yes :fr:Hyacinthe-Marcelin Borel du Bez Yes Yes Detention during the war and exile after peace is declared. Yes :fr:Jean-François Izoard Yes Abstained, but declared that if the king was condemned to death he would vote "yes". Detention for the time being, taking such measures as new circumstances might require. Yes Jean-Joseph Serres Yes Yes Detention during the war and exile after peace is declared. Yes Ignace Caseneuve As a legislator, yes, but not as a judge. Yes Detention during the war and exile after peace is declared. Yes
Ardèche 7 députés and 3 substitutes. + Députés Is Louis Capet guilty of conspiracy against public liberty and attacks against the general security of the State? Should the judgment of the National Convention against Louis Capet be submitted for ratification by the people? What punishment should be imposed on Louis? Should there be a reprieve of the judgment against Louis Capet? François-Antoine de Boissy d'Anglas Yes Yes Imprisonment in a secure place until peace is declared and the recognition of the French Republic allows the representatives of the nation to order his banishment. Yes Hector de Soubeyran de Saint-Prix Yes Yes Death with reprieve until peace is achieved and all the Bourbons expelled. Yes François-Joseph Gamon Yes Yes, justified Death with reprieve until enemy countries reappear on the territory of the Republic. Yes :fr:François-Jérôme Riffard Saint-Martin Yes Yes, justified Confinement until the end of the war, and after the peace, perpetual banishment. Yes :fr:François-Clément Privat de Garilhe Yes Yes Confinement until peace and the recognition of our new government, then exile outside French territory. Yes :fr:Claude Gleizal Yes No Death with reprieve until the Convention makes a determination about the fate of the condemned's family. Yes :fr: Simon Joseph Coren-Fustier Yes, justified Yes Confinement until the Republican government of France is recognised, then perpetual banishment, on pain of death. Yes
Ardennes 8 députés and 4 substitutes. + Députés Is Louis Capet guilty of conspiracy against public liberty and attacks against the general security of the State? Should the judgment of the National Convention against Louis Capet be submitted for ratification by the people? What punishment should be imposed on Louis? Should there be a reprieve of the judgment against Louis Capet? Edmond Louis Alexis Dubois-Crancé Yes No Death No :fr:Claude Joseph Ferry Yes No Death No :fr:Jean-Baptiste Augustin Prosper Mennesson Yes Yes Death with a reprieve until the removal of the Duke of Orléans and his family from the Convention. Yes :fr: Alexis Joseph Vermon Yes Yes Detention until peace, but death in the event of foreign invasion of the territory of the Republic. Yes Michel Robert Yes No Death Yes Pierre-Charles-Louis Baudin Yes Yes, justified Confinement throughout the war and deportation after peace. Yes :fr: Claude Thierriet Yes Yes Perpetual detention. Yes :fr: Jacques Blondel Yes Yes Detention, on the express condition that he be punished with death if the enemies of the state set foot on the territory of the Republic. Yes
Ariège 6 députés and 2 substitutes. + Députés Is Louis Capet guilty of conspiracy against public liberty and attacks against the general security of the State? Should the judgment of the National Convention against Louis Capet be submitted for ratification by the people? What punishment should be imposed on Louis? Should there be a reprieve of the judgment against Louis Capet? Marc-Guillaume-Alexis Vadier Yes No Death No Jean-Baptiste Clauzel Yes No Death No :fr:Pierre Campmartin Yes No Death No :fr:Jean Espert Yes No Death No Joseph Lakanal Yes No Death No :fr:Raymond Gaston Yes No Death No
Aube 9 députés and 3 substitutes.