Poyarkov () is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Denis Poyarkov (born 1989), Russian former professional football player Juvenal Poyarkov (born 1935), Russian hierarch of the Russian Orthodox Church Nikolai Poyarkov (born 1999), Russian football player Sergey Poyarkov (born 1965), Ukrainian illustrator Vassili Poyarkov (c. 1597 – after 1668), first Russian explorer of the Amur region Yuriy Poyarkov (1937–2017), Ukrainian-Soviet volleyball player
See also Vasiliy Poyarkov (icebreaker), Soviet icebreaker in service from 1963 until 1988