Michailidou () is a Greek surname, and is the feminine form of Michailidis. Notable people with the surname include:
Athena Michailidou (1918–2001), Greek actress Domna Michailidou (born 1987), Greek economist and politician Eftichia Michailidou (born 1977), Greek footballer Margarita Michailidou (born 1987), Greek taekwondo practitioner