Jalilov is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Ismoil Jalilov (born 1948), Uzbek-Soviet opera singer Jeyhun Jalilov (born 1987), Azerbaijani economist Jakhongir Jalilov (born 1989), Tajikistani footballer Kamil Jalilov (1938–2022), Azerbaijani musician Romish Jalilov (born 1995), Tajik footballer Toʻxtasin Jalilov (c. 1895–1966), Uzbek composer Tural Jalilov (born 1986), Azerbaijani footballer