Lateranus is an ancient Roman cognomen. Notable people with this cognomen include:
Plautius Lateranus (executed AD 65), Roman senator Lucius Sextius Lateranus, Roman tribune of the plebs Titus Sextius Lateranus, Roman senator Titus Sextius Magius Lateranus (consul 94), Roman senator Titus Sextius Magius Lateranus (consul 197), Roman senator