The 2024 Atlantic hurricane season was the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation over the Atlantic Ocean north of the equator. The season officially began on June 1 and ended on November 30. This is historically the period during which most subtropical or tropical cyclogenesis occurs over the Atlantic Ocean. The first system, Tropical Storm Alberto, formed on June 19; the final system, Tropical Storm Sara, dissipated on November 18.

Activity during the season was above average, as defined by the National Hurricane Center (NHC), with 18 named storms developing; of them, 11 became hurricanes, and 5 strengthened further to become major hurricanes. Among the systems making landfall during the season, four did so at major hurricane strength. Beryl devastated the islands of Carriacou and Petite Martinique in Grenada. In September, Helene cut a destructive path through the Southeastern United States and the central Appalachian Mountains. The following month, Milton made landfall in Florida, causing severe damage. Then, in November, Rafael made landfall in Artemisa, Cuba.

This timeline documents tropical cyclone formations, strengthening, weakening, landfalls, extratropical transitions, and dissipations during the season. It includes information that was not released during the season, meaning that data from post-storm NHC reviews has been included.

The time stamp for each event is first stated using Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), the 24-hour clock where 00:00 = midnight UTC. The NHC uses both UTC and the time zone where the center of the tropical cyclone is currently located. The time zones utilized (east to west) are: Greenwich, Cape Verde, Atlantic, Eastern, and Central. In this timeline, the respective area time is included in parentheses. Additionally, figures for maximum sustained winds and position estimates are rounded to the nearest 5 units (miles or kilometers), following National Hurricane Center practice. Direct wind observations are rounded to the nearest whole number. Atmospheric pressures are listed to the nearest millibar and nearest hundredth of an inch of mercury. __TOC__

Timeline of events

June

June 1 The 2024 Atlantic hurricane season officially begins.

June 19

12:00 UTC (7:00 a.m. CDT) at Tropical Storm Alberto forms from a Central American gyre about east of Tampico, Tamaulipas.

June 20 00:00 UTC (7:00 p.m. CDT, June 19) at Tropical Storm Alberto attains its peak intensity, with maximum sustained winds of and a minimum central pressure of . 09:00 UTC (4:00 a.m. CDT) at Tropical Storm Alberto makes landfall near Tampico with maximum sustained winds of and a minimum central pressure of , and dissipates later that day inland over mountainous terrain.

June 28 12:00 UTC (8:00 a.m. AST) at A tropical depression forms from a tropical wave about east of Barbados.

June 29 00:00 UTC (8:00 p.m. AST, June 28) at The recently formed tropical depression strengthens into Tropical Storm Beryl about east-southeast of Barbados.

June 30

00:00 UTC (8:00 p.m. AST, June 29) at Tropical Storm Beryl strengthens into a Category 1 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson scale about east-southeast of Barbados. 06:00 UTC (2:00 a.m. AST) at Hurricane Beryl intensifies to Category 2 strength about east-southeast of Barbados. 12:00 UTC (8:00 a.m. AST) at Hurricane Beryl intensifies to Category 3 strength about east-southeast of Barbados. 18:00 UTC (2:00 p.m. AST) at Hurricane Beryl intensifies to Category 4 strength about east-southeast of Barbados. It simultaneously attains its initial peak intensity, with maximum sustained winds of and a minimum central pressure of . 18:00 UTC (1:00 p.m. CDT) at A tropical depression forms from a tropical wave about northeast of the city of Veracruz.

July

July 1 00:00 UTC (8:00 p.m. AST, June 30) at Hurricane Beryl weakens to Category 3 strength about southeast of Barbados. 00:00 UTC (7:00 p.m. CDT, June 30) at The recently formed tropical depression strengthens into Tropical Storm Chris as it nears the coast of Veracruz. 03:00 UTC (10:00 p.m. CDT, June 30) at Tropical Storm Chris makes landfall in the municipality of Alto Lucero; it simultaneously attains its peak intensity, with maximum sustained winds of and a minimum central pressure of . 06:00 UTC (1:00 a.m. CDT) at Tropical Storm Chris weakens to a tropical depression inland and dissipates several hours later. 12:00 UTC (8:00 a.m. AST) at Hurricane Beryl re-intensifies to Category 4 strength about east-southeast of the Grenadine island of Carriacou. 15:20 UTC (11:20 a.m. AST) at Hurricane Beryl makes its first landfall on Carriacou with maximum sustained winds of and a minimum central pressure of .

July 2

00:00 UTC (8:00 p.m. AST, July 1) at Hurricane Beryl intensifies to Category 5 strength offshore, about west-northwest of Carriacou. 09:45 UTC (5:45 a.m. AST) at Hurricane Beryl attains its peak intensity, with maximum sustained winds of and a minimum central pressure of , about southeast of the Punta Palenque Lighthouse in the Dominican Republic. 18:00 UTC (2:00 p.m. AST) at Hurricane Beryl weakens to Category 4 strength about south of the Punta Palenque Lighthouse.

July 4 06:00 UTC (2:00 a.m. EDT) at Hurricane Beryl weakens to Category 3 strength about southeast of Grand Cayman. 12:00 UTC (8:00 a.m. EDT) at Hurricane Beryl weakens to Category 2 strength about southwest of Grand Cayman.

July 5 00:00 UTC (8:00 p.m. EDT, July 4) at Hurricane Beryl re-intensifies to Category 3 strength about east-southeast of Tulum, Quintana Roo. 06:00 UTC (1:00 a.m. CDT) at Hurricane Beryl weakens to Category 2 strength about east-southeast of Tulum. 11:00 UTC (6:00 a.m. CDT) at Hurricane Beryl weakens to Category 1 strength as it makes its second landfall just northeast of Tulum with maximum sustained winds of and a minimum central pressure of . 18:00 UTC (1:00 p.m. CDT) at Hurricane Beryl weakens into a tropical storm inland, about east-southeast of Progreso, Yucatán.

July 8

04:00 UTC (11:00 p.m. CDT, July 7) at Tropical Storm Beryl re-strengthens into a Category 1 hurricane offshore, as it approaches the coast of Texas. 08:40 UTC (3:40 a.m. CDT) at Hurricane Beryl makes its third and final landfall near Matagorda, Texas, with maximum sustained winds of and a minimum central pressure of . 18:00 UTC (1:00 p.m. CDT) at Hurricane Beryl weakens into a tropical storm inland, about north of Houston, Texas.

July 9 00:00 UTC (7:00 p.m. CDT, July 8) at Tropical Storm Beryl weakens into a tropical depression inland, about north of Houston. 12:00 UTC (7:00 a.m. CDT) at Tropical Depression Beryl transitions into an extratropical cyclone inland over Central Arkansas, and is later absorbed by a weather front over upstate New York.

August

August 3 00:00 UTC (8:00 p.m. EDT, August 2) at A tropical depression forms from a tropical wave about west-southwest of Camagüey, Cuba, and subsequently makes two landfalls over western Cuba. 18:00 UTC (2:00 p.m. EDT) at After emerging over the southeastern Gulf of Mexico, the recently formed tropical depression strengthens into Tropical Storm Debby about south-southwest of Key West, Florida.

August 5

00:00 UTC (8:00 p.m. EDT, August 4) at Tropical Storm Debby strengthens into a Category 1 hurricane about west-northwest of Tampa, Florida. 11:00 UTC (7:00 a.m. EDT) at Hurricane Debby attains its peak intensity, with maximum sustained winds of and a minimum central pressure of , as it makes its third landfall near Steinhatchee, Florida. 18:00 UTC (2:00 p.m. EDT) at Hurricane Debby weakens into a tropical storm inland, about north-northeast of Steinhatchee.

August 7 00:00 UTC (8:00 p.m. EDT, August 6) at Tropical Storm Debby transitions into a subtropical storm offshore, about east-southeast of Savannah. 12:00 UTC (8:00 a.m. EDT) at Subtropical Storm Debby attains its secondary peak intensity, with maximum sustained winds of and a minimum central pressure of , about southeast of Charleston, South Carolina.

August 8 06:00 UTC (2:00 a.m. EDT) at Subtropical Storm Debby makes its fourth and final landfall near Bulls Bay, South Carolina, with maximum sustained winds of and a minimum central pressure of .

August 9 00:00 UTC (8:00 p.m. EDT, August 8) at Subtropical Storm Debby weakens below gale force and transitions into an extratropical cyclone inland over central North Carolina, and is later absorbed by a weather front over the Gulf of St. Lawrence.

August 12

12:00 UTC (8:00 a.m. AST) at A tropical depression forms from a tropical wave about east of the island of Guadeloupe. 18:00 UTC (2:00 p.m. AST) at The recently formed tropical depression strengthens into Tropical Storm Ernesto about east of Guadeloupe.

August 13 09:40 UTC (5:40 a.m. AST) at Tropical Storm Ernesto makes its first landfall on Guadeloupe with maximum sustained winds of and a minimum central pressure of . 12:50 UTC (8:50 a.m. AST) at Tropical Storm Ernesto makes its second landfall on the island of Montserrat with maximum sustained winds of and a minimum central pressure of . 23:30 UTC (7:30 p.m. AST) at Tropical Storm Ernesto makes its third landfall on Saint John, U.S. Virgin Islands, with maximum sustained winds of and a minimum central pressure of .

August 14 12:00 UTC (8:00 a.m. AST) at Tropical Storm Ernesto strengthens into a Category 1 hurricane about northeast of the eastern tip of the Dominican Republic.

August 16

00:00 UTC (8:00 p.m. AST, August 15) at Hurricane Ernesto intensifies to Category 2 strength about south-southwest of Bermuda. 12:00 UTC (8:00 a.m. AST) at Hurricane Ernesto attains its peak intensity, with maximum sustained winds of and a minimum central pressure of , about south-southwest of Bermuda.

August 17 00:00 UTC (8:00 p.m. AST, August 16) at Hurricane Ernesto weakens to Category 1 strength about south-southwest of Bermuda. 08:30 UTC (4:30 a.m. AST) near Hurricane Ernesto makes its fourth and final landfall on Bermuda with maximum sustained winds of and a minimum central pressure of .

August 18 00:00 UTC (8:00 p.m. AST, August 17) at Hurricane Ernesto weakens into a tropical storm about northeast of Bermuda. 18:00 UTC (2:00 p.m. AST) at Tropical Storm Ernesto to Category 1 strength about north-northeast of Bermuda.

August 19 12:00 UTC (8:00 a.m. AST) at Hurricane Ernesto to Category 2 strength about southwest of Cape Race, Newfoundland, and simultaneously its peak intensity. 18:00 UTC (2:00 p.m. AST) at Hurricane Ernesto weakens back to Category 1 strength about southwest of Cape Race.

August 20 12:00 UTC (8:00 a.m. AST) at Hurricane Ernesto transitions into an extratropical cyclone about east-northeast of St. John's, Newfoundland, and later dissipates.

September

September 9 12:00 UTC (7:00 a.m. CDT) at Tropical Storm Francine forms from an area of low pressure about southeast of the mouth of the Rio Grande.

September 11

00:00 UTC (7:00 p.m. CDT, September 10) at Tropical Storm Francine strengthens into a Category 1 hurricane about southwest of Morgan City, Louisiana. 12:00 UTC (11:00 a.m. CVT) at A tropical depression forms from a tropical wave about west of Cape Verde. 18:00 UTC (1:00 p.m. CDT) at Hurricane Francine intensifies to Category 2 strength about southwest of Morgan City. 22:00 UTC (5:00 p.m. CDT) at Hurricane Francine makes landfall in Terrebonne Parish, Louisiana, about south-southwest of Morgan City and simultaneously attains its peak intensity, with maximum sustained winds of and a minimum central pressure of .

September 12 00:00 UTC (7:00 p.m. CDT, September 11) at Hurricane Francine weakens to Category 1 strength inland, about east-southeast of Morgan City. 06:00 UTC (1:00 a.m. CDT) at Hurricane Francine weakens into a tropical storm inland, about northeast of Morgan City. 12:00 UTC (7:00 a.m. CDT) at Tropical Storm Francine weakens into a tropical depression inland over central Mississippi.