Theodoli is a surname of Italian origin. Notable people with the surname include:
Augusto Theodoli (1819–1892), Italian Catholic prelate Gerolamo Theodoli (1677–1766), Italian nobleman and architect Giacomo Theodoli (1594–1643), Italian Roman Catholic prelate Mario Theodoli (1601–1650), Italian Catholic cardinal
See also Lily Conrad, Marchesa Theodoli (1850–1908), American-Italian novelist Theodoli Chapel, a chapel in the Basilica of Santa Maria del Popolo, Rome Palazzo Theodoli-Bianchelli, a building in Rome, Italy