Vicenta is a given name. Notable people with the name include:
Vicenta Arenas Mayor (born 1975), Spanish goalball player Vicenta Castro Cambón (1882–1928), Argentinian poet Vicenta Chávez Orozco (1867–1949), Mexican nun Vicenta García Miranda (1816–1877), Spanish poet Vicenta González (born 1948 or 1949), Nicaraguan humanitarian Vicenta Jerónimo (born 1972), Guatemalan indigenous human rights defender and politician Vicenta Juaristi Eguino (1780–1857), Bolivian heroine Vicenta María López i Vicuña (1847–1890), Spanish nun Vicenta Ndongo (born 1968), Spanish actress Vicenta Salmón (born 1954), Cuban basketball player
See also Tía Vicenta, Argentine magazine