Uhlíř (feminine: Uhlířová) is a Czech surname, meaning 'charcoal burner'. Notable people with the surname include:
Charlie Uhlir (1912–1984) American baseball player Ivana Uhlířová (born 1980), Czech actress Jaroslav Uhlíř (born 1945), Czech composer Vladimíra Uhlířová (born 1978), Czech tennis player