The Ministry of Education (, MINEDU) is the government ministry responsible for education in Peru.

History At the beginning of an independent Peru, the Education branch was known as that of "Public Instruction", and was part of a multi-pronged ministry that included the sectors of Justice, Worship (or Ecclesiastical Affairs), and Charity. On one occasion, it was combined with the Office of Foreign Affairs.

Its first predecessor was the Ministry of Public Instruction, Charity, and Ecclesiastical Affairs (), created on February 4, 1837, during the administration of Andrés de Santa Cruz, president of the Peru–Bolivian Confederation. This office was the fourth ministry, along with the three traditional ministries founded in 1822: Government and Foreign Affairs, War and Navy, and Economy.

The following day, February 5, 1837, the priest Dr. was appointed the first Minister of Public Instruction. After the fall of the Confederation and the beginning of the Restoration period in 1839, this ministry was restored, albeit briefly. After the anarchy that broke out in 1842, a General Ministry was established; once constitutionality was restored in 1845, the various branches of government were reorganised.

In 1852, the Ministry of Justice, Ecclesiastical Affairs, Education, and Charity () was created, whose first head was the cleric Bartolomé Herrera, a conservative ideologue. From 1855 to 1856, the branch of Public Education was merged with the Foreign Office, thus functioning as the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Public Education ().

By law of November 17, 1856, issued under the provisional government of Ramón Castilla, the Ministry of Justice, Education, and Charity () was created. An amendment to this law in 1862 included this ministry in the branch of worship. The Ministry of Justice, Worship, Charity, and Public Instruction () was thus established. In 1896, it ceased to include the branch of charity and was renamed the Ministry of Justice, Worship, and Education ().

On September 12, 1935, Law No. 8124, passed during the administration of General Óscar R. Benavides, created the Ministry of Public Education (), which was thus definitively separated from the Ministry of Justice and Worship. The first to hold the title of Minister of Public Education was General Ernesto Montagne Markholz (1935-1939). In 1965, it was renamed to its current name, and in 2007 its acronym changed from MED to MINEDU.

Headquarters From 1956 until the mid-1990s, its main headquarters were in the Javier Alzamora Valdez Building, a skyscraper located in the Historic Centre of Lima.

In the mid-90s, it moved to a new headquarters where the Institute for Research and Development of Education (INIDE) operated, located in the San Borja District until 2011, when a new building was inaugurated to the north of the San Borja District, next to the Museum of the Nation. Previously, at the end of the 2000s, some offices moved to the Administrative Complex of the Public Fisheries Sector to later move to the new headquarters in the form of stacked books. Finally, all the administrative areas of the ministry were transferred to the new headquarters where the ministry works to this day.

Organisation The ministry's current organisation dates back to Supreme Decree 001-2015-MINEDU, approved in 2015.

Ministerial Office Vice Ministry of Pedagogical Management General Directorate of Regular Basic Education General Directorate of Alternative, Intercultural, Bilingual, and Rural Education Services General Directorate of Special Educational Services Directorate of Technological Innovation in Education Directorate of Educational Resources Management General Directorate of Teacher Development General Directorate of Higher University Education General Directorate of Technical-Productive and Higher Technological and Artistic Education House of Peruvian Literature Vice Ministry of Institutional Management General Directorate of Decentralized Management General Directorate of School Management Quality General Directorate of Educational Infrastructure General Directorate of Scholarships and Educational Loans National Scholarship and Educational Loan Programme (PRONABEC) National Educational Infrastructure Programme (PRONIED) General Secretariat Secretariat of Strategic Planning Institutional Oversight Body Public Prosecutor's Office National Education Council Metropolitan Lima Regional Directorate (DRELM)

Entities administered by the ministry include: Peruvian Institute of Sport (IPD) National System for Evaluation, Accreditation and Certification of Educational Quality (SINEACE) National Youth Secretariat (SENAJU) Huampani Vacation Center (CV HUAMPANI) High-Performance Schools (COAR) Special Public Investment Project for Bicentennial Schools (PEIP for Bicentennial Schools) Educational Resources Management Directorate (DIGERE) National Fund for the Development of Peruvian Education (FONDEP) National Literacy Programme (PNA) Programme for the Improvement of the Quality and Relevance of Higher University and Technological Education Services (PMESUT) Management Agency for Public Higher Technological Education Institutes and Schools (Educatec)

Related entities include: National Superintendency of Higher University Education (SUNEDU) National Pedagogical Institute of Monterrico (IPNM) National Autonomous School of Fine Arts of Peru (ENSABAP) National School of Ballet (ENSB) Public Universities of Peru

It was formerly linked to the National Council of Science, Technology and Technological Innovation (CONCYTEC) and the (IGP).

List of ministers Minister Party Start President Ministers of Public Instruction, Charity, and Ecclesiastical Affairs (1837–1839) Cleric February 5, 1837 Andrés de Santa Cruz Cleric November 26, 1839 Agustín Gamarra Liberal October 20, 1842 Francisco de VidalMinisters of Justice and Instruction (1852–1935)See listMinisters of Education Ernesto Montagne Markholz September 12, 1935 Óscar R. Benavides Óscar Arrús April 19, 1939 Pedro M. Oliveira December 8, 1939 Manuel Prado Ugarteche Mariano Lino Cornejo April 28, 1943 Enrique Laroza 1943 Jorge Basadre Grohmann Independent July 28, 1945 José L. Bustamante y Rivero Luis E. Valcárcel October 7, 1945 Cristóbal de Losada y Puga January 11, 1947 Óscar Torres M. October 30, 1947 Honorio Delgado Espinoza June 17, 1948 Juan Mendoza Rodríguez November 1, 1948 Manuel A. Odría Alfonso Balaguer Regalado December 18, 1952 Carlos González Iglesias January 29, 1954 Carlos Rodríguez Pastor September 15, 1955 Mariano Iberico Rodríguez December 2, 1955 Juan Mendoza Rodríguez December 24, 1955 Jorge Basadre Grohmann Independent July 28, 1956 Manuel Prado Ugarteche Enrique Labarthe 1957 Jorge Basadre Grohmann 1958 Ulises Montoya N. 1958 Emilio Romero Padilla October 17, 1958 José Rubio Rolando July 26, 1959 Alfredo Parra Carreño June 6, 1960 Alfonso Villanueva Pinillas May 2, 1961 Darío Acevedo Criado November 19, 1961 Franklin Pease Olivera July 18, 1962 Military Junta of 1968-1980 Francisco Miró Quesada Cantuarias Acción Popular July 28, 1963 Fernando Belaunde Terry Ernesto Montagne Sánchez October 3, 1964 Carlos Cueto Fernandini Acción Popular July 30, 1965 José Navarro Grau Acción Popular September 15, 1965 Carlos Cueto Fernandini Acción Popular April 15, 1966 Enrique Tola Mendoza Acción Popular January 27, 1967 Octavio Mongrut Muñoz Acción Popular September 6, 1967 José Jiménez Borja Acción Popular June 1, 1968 Augusto Tamayo Vargas October 2, 1968 Alfredo Arrisueño Cornejo October 3, 1968 Juan Velasco Alvarado Alfredo Carpio Becerra April 27, 1971 Ramón Humberto Miranda Ampuero February 1, 1975 Otto Eléspuru Revoredo January 1, 1977 Francisco Morales Bermúdez José Francisco Guabloche Rodríguez September 16, 1978 Luis Felipe Alarco Larraburre Acción Popular 28 July 1980 Fernando Belaunde Terry José Benavides Muñoz Acción Popular February 4, 1981 Patricio Ricketts Rey de Castro August 15, 1983 Valentín Paniagua Acción Popular April 10, de 1984 Andrés Cardó Franco Acción Popular October 12, 1984 Grover Pango Vildoso APRA July 28, 1985 Alan García Mercedes Cabanillas APRA June 29, 1987 Efraín Orbegozo APRA August 28, 1988 Mercedes Cabanillas APRA May 9, 1990 Gloria Helfer Palacios Izquierda Unida July 28, 1990 Alberto Fujimori Óscar de la Puente Raygada December 12, 1990 Augusto Antoniolli Vásquez November 7, 1991 Alberto Varillas Montenegro May 9, 1991 Raúl Vittor Alfaro August 19, 1993 Jorge Trelles Montero February 18, 1994 Pedro Villena Hidalgo October 13, 1994 Dante Córdova Blanco June 8, 1995 Domingo Palermo Cabrejos April 11, de 1996 Felipe Ignacio García Escudero January 6, 1999 Federico Salas Guevara Schultz July 29, 2000 Marcial Rubio Correa November 25, 2000 Valentín Paniagua Nicolás Lynch Gamero Independent July 28, 2001 Alejandro Toledo Gerardo Ayzanoa del Carpio Perú Posible July 21, 2002 Carlos Malpica Faustor Independent June 28, 2003 Javier Sota Nadal February 16, 2004 José Antonio Chang Escobedo APRA July 28, 2006 Alan García Víctor Raúl Díaz Chávez APRA March 19, 2011 Patricia Salas O'Brien July 28, 2011 Ollanta Humala Jaime Saavedra Chanduví October 31, 2013 Ollanta Humala / Pedro Pablo Kuczynski Marilú Martens Cortés December 18, 2016 Pedro Pablo Kuczynski Idel Vexler September 17, 2017 Daniel Alfaro Paredes Independent April 2, 2018 Martín Vizcarra Flor Pablo Medina Independent March 11, 2019 Martín Benavides Abanto Independent February 13, 2020Fernando d'Alessio Ipinza IndependentNovember 12 2020Manuel MerinoRicardo Cuenca Pareja IndependentNovember 18 2020Francisco Sagasti Juan Cadillo León Independent July 29, 2021 Pedro Castillo Carlos Gallardo Gómez Independent October 6, 2021 Rosendo Serna Román Together for Peru December 28, 2021 Independent Dina Boluarte Independent Independent Independent Independent

See also Education in Peru

References