List of nuclear fusion companies

Commercial fusion is a term used to refer to privately or publicly held companies which aim to sell products (e.g., isotopes) or services (e.g., electricity) produced by nuclear fusion. By 2024, the Fusion Industry Association listed over 40 companies with a combined total of more than $7 billion in investment. By August 2026, the journal Nature listed 46 companies, of which TechCrunch listed 17 with private equity investment of $100 million or more. , the table below lists 66 companies.

Commercial fusion companies Companies pursue various different fusion methods and geometries for reactors. Some pursue one method, such as magnetic, inertial, or electrostatic confinement. Some pursue hybrid methods such as magneto–inertial or magneto–electrostatic confinement. More methods exist, many of which are listed in the table below. These varied methods can influence strongly many reactor and balance of plant considerations and systems.

CompanyYearsactive Method Fuel Country Funding References, notes Acceleron Fusion(formerly NK Labs, LLC) 2008–2022(NK Labs)2023–present(Acceleron) Muon-catalyzed Deuterium–tritium American Fusion(merger: Renewal Fuels, Kepler Fusion) 2007–2025(Renewal)1947–present(Kepler) Magnetic confinement: stellarator: torsatron: pulsed Deuterium–helium-3 Official name: Kepler Fusion Technologies. Brand name: Kepler Fusion. Merged parent entity: American Fusion; Kepler is a subsidiary. Kepler is a subsidiary of American Anubal Fusion 2024–present Inertial confinement: laser Proton–boron ASPL Fusion(Agnira Sanlayan Pvt. Ltd.) 2025–present Solid target: particle accelerator beam driven;Magnetic confinement: tandem mirror Proton–lithium;Deuterium–deuterium Avalanche Energy 2018–present Magneto–electrostatic confinement: cusp, colliding beam Deuterium–tritium Blue Laser Fusion 2022–present Inertial confinement: optical enhancement cavity (OEC) laser Proton–boron China Fusion Energy Company(CFEC) 2025–present Magnetic confinement: tokamak Deuterium–tritium CFEC is a subsidiary of China National Nuclear Corporation (CNNC) Commonwealth Fusion Systems 2018–present Magnetic confinement: tokamak Deuterium–tritium University spin-off: Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cortex Fusion Systems 2021–present Inertial confinement: non-thermal, laser Deuterium–tritium Crossfield Fusion Ltd 2019–present Closed orbit, velocity resonant systems Reactor development ended 2021 CTFusion, Inc 2015–2023 Magnetic confinement: dynomak Deuterium–tritium University spin-off: University of Washington Dante Fusion 2025–present Magnetic confinement: spherical tokamak Deuterium–tritium University spin-off: Technical University of Denmark Deutelio 2022–present Magnetic confinement: levitated dipole Deuterium–deuterium Electric Fusion Systems, Inc. 2020–present Non-thermal: light element electric fusion (LEEF) via Rydberg matter Proton–lithium-7 EMC2 (Energy Matter Conversion Corporation) 1985–present Magneto-electrostatic confinement: polywellDeuterium–tritium Energy Singularity Energy Technology 2021–present Magnetic confinement: tokamak Deuterium–tritium ENN Energy 2017–present Magnetic confinement: spheromak Proton–boron EX-Fusion 2021–present Inertial confinement: laser Deuterium–tritium Firefly Fusion 2023–present Magnetic confinement: tokamak Deuterium–tritium DIII-D tokamak research partner First Light Fusion 2011–present Inertial confinement: impact Deuterium–tritium University spin-off: University of Oxford Focused Energy 2021–present Inertial confinement: laser Deuterium–tritium Fuse Energy Technologies Corporation 2019–present Magneto-inertial: magnetized liner Deuterium–tritium Fusion Power Corporation 2016–2019 Inertial confinement: heavy ion Deuterium–tritium Gauss Fusion 2022–present Magnetic confinement: stellarator Deuterium–tritium General Atomics Fusion Division 2022–present Magnetic confinement: tokamak Deuterium–tritium General Fusion 2002–present Magneto-inertial: magnetized target Deuterium–tritium HB11 Energy 2017–present Inertial confinement: non-thermal, laser Proton–boron Helical Fusion 2021–present Magnetic confinement: stellarator Deuterium–tritium Helicity Space 2018–present Magneto-inertial: plasma jet collider-compressor Deuterium–deuterium For spaceflight Helion Energy 2013–present Magneto-inertial: field-reversed configuration collider-compressor Deuterium–deuterium Horne Technologies 2008–present Magneto–electrostatic confinement: cusp Deuterium–deuterium, proton–boron Hylenr 2018–present Lattice confinement: particle accelerator beam driven Hydrogen HyperJet Fusion 2017–2022 Magneto-inertial: plasmoid imploded by plasma jets Inertia Enterprises 2025–present Inertial confinement: laser Deuterium–tritium Research spin-off: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory National Ignition Facility KMS Fusion 1969–1990 Inertial confinement: laser Deuterium–tritium Work moved to General Atomics Kyoto Fusioneering 2019–present Magnetic confinement: reactor subsystems Deuterium–tritium University spin-off: Kyoto University LaserFusionX 2022–present Inertial confinement: krypton-fluoride laser Deuterium–tritium Research spin-off: United States Naval Research Laboratory Lockheed Martin 2010–present Magnetic confinement: cusp Deuterium–tritium Longview Fusion Energy Systems 2021–present Inertial confinement: laser Deuterium–tritium LPP Fusion, Inc.(Lawrenceville Plasma Physics) 2003–present Magnetic confinement pinch: dense plasma focus Proton–boron President, chief scientist: Eric J. Lerner Magneto Inertial Fusion Technology Inc. (MIFTI) 2008–present Magneto-inertial: z-pinch Deuterium–tritium University spin-off: University of California, Irvine; Division: US Nuclear Corp Marvel Fusion 2019–present Inertial confinement: laser Proton–boron Norrønt AS(formerly Ultrafusion Nuclear Power) 2016–2017(Ultrafusion)2018–present(Norrønt) Muon-catalyzed Deuterium–tritium Merged with Norrønt Fusion Energy nT-Tao 2019–present Magnetic confinement: stellarator Deuterium–tritium minimum NearStar Fusion 2021–present Magneto-inertial: magnetized target, impact Deuterium–tritium, Deuterium–deuterium, proton–boron Corporate spin-off: HyperJet Fusion NovaFusion Energy Technology(NovaFusionX) 2025–present Magnetic confinement: field-reversed configuration collider-compressor Deuterium–tritium Novatron Fusion Group AB 2019–present Magnetic confinement: mirror Deuterium–tritium OpenStar Technologies 2021–present Magnetic confinement: levitated dipole Deuterium–deuterium (tritium suppressed) Pacific Fusion 2023–present Inertial confinement: magnetized liner inertial fusion (MagLIF) Deuterium–tritium Founding chief executive officer is Eric Lander Pranos Fusion Energy 2024–present Magnetic confinement: tokamak Deuterium–tritium Research spin-off: Institute for Plasma Research Princeton Fusion Systems(formerly Princeton Satellite Systems) 1992–2017(Satellite)2018–present(Fusion) Magnetic confinement: field-reversed configuration Deuterium–deuterium Proxima Fusion 2023–present Magnetic confinement: quasi-isodynamic stellarator Deuterium–tritium (€641M) Research spin-off: Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics Realta Fusion 2022–present Magnetic confinement: tandem mirror Deuterium–tritium University spin-off: University of Wisconsin–Madison Renaissance Fusion 2021–present Magnetic confinement: stellarator Deuterium–tritium Shine Technologies 2005–2017(Phoenix)2010–present(Shine) Magneto-electrostatic confinement: particle accelerator Deuterium–tritium Corporate spin-off: Phoenix Nuclear Labs, 2010; Focus: producing radioisotopes, not energy Startorus Fusion 2021–present Magnetic confinement: spherical tokamak Deuterium–tritium Research spin-off: Tsinghua University Stellarex, Inc 2022–present Magnetic confinement: stellarator Deuterium–tritium University spin-off: Princeton University TAE Technologies(formerly Tri Alpha Energy) 1998–2017(Tri Alpha)2017–present(TAE) Magnetic confinement: beam driven field-reversed configuration Proton–boron University spin-off: University of California, Irvine Terra Fusion Energy 2024–present Magnetic confinement: tandem mirror: centrifugal Deuterium–tritium University spin-off: University of Maryland, Baltimore Thea Energy(formerly Princeton Stellarators) 2022–present Magnetic confinement: stellarator Deuterium–tritium Tibbar Plasma Technologies 2015–present Magneto-electrostatic confinement Proton–boron Tokamak Energy 2009–present Magnetic confinement: tokamak Deuterium–tritium Research spin-off: Culham Centre for Fusion Energy Type One Energy Group 2019–present Magnetic confinement: stellarator Deuterium–tritium Xcimer Energy Inc. 2022–present Inertial confinement: excimer laser Deuterium–tritium Zap Energy 2017–present Magnetic confinement: z-pinch Deuterium–tritium University spin-off: University of Washington

See also Milestone-Based Fusion Development Program

References