Euphorbia hylonoma is a species of flowering plant in the family Euphorbiaceae, native to China and the Far East of Russia (Primorsky krai). It grows on roadsides, valleys, mountain slopes, grasslands, steppes, scrub, sparse forests at elevations of .Wu, Z. (n.d.). yun nan zhi wu zhi (Vol. 10, p. 952). Retrieved from https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/112956 This herbaceous plant is erect, reaching a height of . It has thick roots measuring over in length and in diameter. The stem is branched at the top and has a thickness of . The leaves are alternate, oblong to elliptic, with a size range of × . The flowers are grouped in cyathia, with male flowers extending beyond the involucre and female flowers having pedicels. The capsule is globose and smooth, and the seeds are ovoid-globose, gray or light brown in color, and have a slightly striated surface. Flowering from April to June.Brotherus, V. F. (Viktor Ferdinand), & in Wien., A. der W. (1929). Symbolae sinicae :botanische Ergebnisse der Expedition der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wein nach Südwest-China, 1914-1918 (Vol. 7 pts1–3, p. 761). Retrieved from https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/733344
The root of the plant is used in Chinese folk medicine to relieve constipation, bloating, cirrhosis of the liver. The roots are dug out and dried in the sun in the fall.Fang, Z. &. L. C. 方志先，廖朝林. (n.d.). hu bei en shi yao yong zhi wu zhi 湖北恩施药用植物志 (p. 736). Retrieved from https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/36802879 The milky latex of the plant is toxic and can cause irritation on contact with the skin.Gan, Q. (n.d.). zhu xi zhi wu zhi (p. 1320). Retrieved from https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/112958
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