Liagoraceae is a family of red algae (Rhodophyta) in the order Nemaliales. The type genus is Liagora .
It was originally called Helminthocladiaceae by J.Agardh in 1851, but P. Silva in 1980 stated that this was predated by Liagoraceae which was published in 1843. Various authors over several years, had tried to form tribes within the family, but it was found (each time) that the family is not able to be divided naturally.Paul C. Silva, Philip W. Basson, Richard L. Moe As the morphological character analyses show too much variation.Debashish Bhattacharya (Editor)
The family was found to be polyphyletic (having a mixed evolutionary origin) based on analyses of rbcL enzymes. The 2 genera of Yamadaella and Liagoropsis, which were previously placed in the Dermonemataceae family, were found to have independent lineages and could be recognized as two new families Yamadaellaceae and Liagoropsidaceae.
Description Many species are irregular and paniculate (much-branched). They have a basic dichotomous branching but with numerous proliferous lateral branches.John Marinus Huisman They have a thallus (gametophyte) which is erect, they are approx. tall. With usually much branched irregularly to sub-dichotomously with terete branches, they are mucilagionous, multi-axical with a loose filamentous entwined medulla.J. Cramer
Distribution The family has cosmopolitan distribution. Species are found in places such as Bermuda, Hawaii,Huisman J.M., Abbott LA. & Sherwood A.R., 2004 - The Liagoraceae (Nemaliales, Rhodophyta) of the Hawaiian Islands III: The genus Ganonema, with a description of Ganonema yoshizakii sp. nov. Phycologia 43: 296-310. New Caledonia, Egypt,Diane Scullion Littler and Mark Masterton Littler Australia,Huisman J.M., 2002. - The type and Australian species of the red algal genera Liagora and Ganonema (Liagoraceae, Nemaliales). Australian systematic botany 15: 773-838.Huisman J.M., 2006 - Algae of Australia: Nemaliales. Canberra, ABRS; Melbourne, CSIRO Publishing, viii + 153 p. Canary Islands, China (Hsisha IslandsFan K.-C. & Wang Y.-C., 1974 - Studies on the marine algae of Xisha Islands, China I. Ganonema gen. nov. Acta phytotaxonomica Sinica 12: 489-495. and Hainan Island) and Japan.Yoshizaki M., 1979 - Morphology and taxonomy of the Japanese representative of Nemaliales (4), Thallus structure and reproductive organs of Yamadaella cenomyce. Journal of Japanese botany 54: 225-233.
They have been found at depths between (below the sea level).
List of genera According to the AlgaeBase (amount of species per genus); Akalaphycus - 2 spp. Cumagloia - 1 sp. (Cumagloia andersonii Cylindraxis - 1 sp. (Cylindraxis rotundatus ) Dermonema - 5 spp. Dotyophycus - 5 spp. Ganonema - 13 spp. Gloiocallis - 1 sp. (Gloiocallis dendroidea ) Gloiotrichus - 2 spp. Helminthocladia - 20 spp. Helminthora - 8 spp. Hommersandiophycus - 5 spp. Izziella - 5 spp. Liagora - 55 spp. Macrocarpus - 3 spp. Neoizziella - 2 spp. Otohimella - 1 sp. (Otohimella japonica ) Patenocarpus - 1 sp. (Patenocarpus paraphysiferus ) Sinocladia - 8 spp. Stenopeltis - 1 sp. (Stenopeltis gracilis ) Titanophycus - 3 spp. Trichogloea - 3 spp. Trichogloeopsis - 6 spp. Yoshizakia - 1 sp. (Yoshizakia indopacifica )
The GBIF, and WoRMS also accepts; Liagoropsis - 3 sp. Yamadaella - 2 sp.
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