The Laterculus Veronensis or Verona List is a list of Roman provinces and barbarian peoples from the time of the emperors Diocletian and Constantine I, most likely from AD 314.
The list is transmitted only in a 7th-century manuscript preserved in the Chapter Library of Verona.Verona, Biblioteca Capitolare, MS II (2), at fol. 255 recto, line 14-fol. 256 recto, line 19; E. A. Lowe, Codices Latini Antiquiores 4 (Oxford, 1947), p. 21, No 477 The most recent critical edition is that of Timothy Barnes (1982). Earlier editions include those by Theodor Mommsen (1862), Otto Seeck in his edition of the Notitia dignitatum (1876), and Alexander Riese in his Geographi Latini minores (1878).
The Laterculus is the earliest text to use the term Scoti (Scots).
Description The document comprises a list of the names of all the provinces of the empire (c. 100 in total), organised according to the twelve newly created regional groupings called dioceses. Although the dioceses are presented in a single list, they are not ordered in a single geographical sequence but rather in two separate eastern and western groups, the eastern group (Oriens, Pontica, Asiana, Thraciae, Moesiae, Pannoniae) preceding the western (Britanniae, Galliae, Viennensis, Italiae, Hispaniae, Africa). The split is apparent from the discontinuity midway in the list between the dioceses of Pannoniae and Britanniae. The eastern half of the list circles the Mediterranean neatly anticlockwise from south to north or, in continental terms, from Africa, through Asia, to Europe. The arrangement of the western half is less tidy, though it is approximately anticlockwise from north to south, or from Europe to Africa.
The barbarian peoples listed may in some instance have lived outside of the provincial structure of the empire, but they are all clearly regarded as living within the empire. Even in the cases of those barbarians clearly living within provinces, however, the Laterculus suggests that a meaningful distinction was drawn between "civilized" and "uncivilized" areas.
Date Theodor Mommsen had dated the provincial situation in the list to 297, but later research changed the estimate to 314–324 for the Eastern Half and 303–314 for the Western Half of the Roman empire. The most recent work by Timothy Barnes and Constantin Zuckerman concludes that the entire document belongs to a single moment, c. 314, the eastern and western parts corresponding to the respective spheres of responsibility of the emperors Licinius and Constantine during the period between Licinius' defeat of Maximinus Daza in 313 and his own defeat in his first civil war with Constantine in 316–317.
Text The text on the left is the original Latin, divided into lines beginning with capital letters. The original text uses the interpunct (·) to separate entries and is mostly unicase.The text is drawn from , with punctuation removed and the spelling of provincial names corrected to better reflect the idiosyncrasies and errors of the original manuscript based on . The text on the right is an English translation.The provincial names are from ; except where noted, those of the barbarian peoples and cities from , relying on Karl Müllenhoff.
Latin original
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English translation Here begins the names of all the provinces.
The diocese of the East has 18 provinces [only 17 listed]: Libya Superior Libya Inferior Thebais Aegyptus Iovia Aegyptus Herculea Arabia Nova Arabia Augusta Libanensis Syria Palaestina Phoenice Syria Coele Augusta Euphratensis Cilicia Isauria Cyprus Mesopotamia Osroene
The diocese of Pontus has 7 provinces: Bithynia Cappadocia Galatia Paphlagonia, now [after 384] divided in two Diospontus Pontus Polemoniacus Armenia Minor, now [after 381] with Armenia Major added
The diocese of Asia has 9 provinces: Lycia et Pamphylia Phrygia Prima Phrygia Secunda Asia Lydia Caria the Islands Pisidia Hellespontus
The diocese of Thrace has 6 provinces: Europa Rhodope Thracia Haemimontus Scythia Moesia Inferior
The diocese of the Moesias has 11 provinces: Dacia and Dacia Ripensis Moesia Superior Dardania Macedonia Thessalia Achaea Praevalitana Epirus Nova Epirus Vetus Creta
The diocese of the Pannonias has 7 provinces: Pannonia Inferior Savensis Dalmatia Valeria Pannonia Superior Noricum Ripense Noricum Mediterraneum
The diocese of the Britains has 6 provinces [only 4 listed]: Britannia Prima Britannia Secunda Maxima Caesariensis Flavia Caesariensis
The diocese of the Gauls has 8 provinces: Belgica Prima Belgica Secunda Germania Prima Germania Secunda Sequania Lugdunensis Prima Lugdunensis Secunda Alpes Graiae et Poeninae
The diocese of Viennensis has 7 provinces: Viennensis Narbonensis Prima Narbonensis Secunda Novem Populi Aquitanica Prima Aquitanica Secunda Alpes Maritimae
The Italian diocese has 16 provinces [only 8 listed]:The discrepancy between the promised 16 and the listed 8 is the largest in the existing copy of the Laterculus. , lists a further four Italian provinces that were probably in existence at the time of the document but are not listed: Aemilia et Liguria, Campania, Sicilia and Sardinia. Venetia et Histria Flaminia et Picenum Tuscia et Umbria Apulia et Calabria Lucania et Bruttii Corsica Alpes Cottiae Raetia
The diocese of the Spains has 6 provinces: Baetica Lusitania Carthaginiensis Gallaecia Tarraconensis Mauretania Tingitana
The diocese of Africa has 7 provinces: Africa Proconsularis Valeria Byzacena Tripolitana Numidia Cirtensis Numidia Militiana Mauretania Caesariensis Mauretania Sitifensis, suggests Mauretania Tubusuctitana as a possible alternative name of the province.
A happy age.
Barbarian peoples who grew under the dominion of the emperors:The translation of this line is from . , translates as "have spread"; , as "have sprouted". Scoti Picti Caledonii Rugii Heruli Saxones Chamavi ?Frisiavi Amsivarii Angrivarii ?Müllenhoff suggested a people named for the river Flevum (Latin Fleuus fluuius). Bructeri Chatti Burgundiones Alamanni Suebi Franci Chattuarii Iuthungi Armilausini Marcomanni Quadi Taifali Hermunduri Vandali Sarmatae Sciri Carpi Scythae Gothi ?VenediIt is unlikely that Indii refers to Indians. It was corrected to Vinidi by Müllenhoff, while , suggests Iudaei (Jews). Armenii Osrhoeni Palmyreni ?The name is corrupted. Müllenhoff suggested it should read Bosoritae; Riese suggested Bostritae. See Kroll 1933 and . Marmeridae ?NabataeansAccording to , Riese suggested reading Theui as a corruption of Nabathei. Isauri Phryges Persae
The peoples that are in Mauretania:The translation of this line is from . Quinquegentiani Mazices Barbares Bacuates Celtiberi ?Astures/?Turdetani Ausetani Carpetani Cantabri Edetani
The names of cities that are across the river Rhine: [city] of the Usipetes [city] of the Tubantes [city] of the ?Tencteri, emends it to Nicirenses and takes it to mean "people of the Neckar". [city] of the ?NovantaeThis emendation is suggested by . [city] of the Chasuarii All these cities across the Rhine were received into the rule of Belgica Prima. Across from the fortress of Mogontiacum, the Romans possessed 80 leagues beyond the Rhine. These cities were occupied by barbarians under the emperor Gallienus.The translation of this sentence is from . One league has one thousand five hundred paces [i.e., 1.5 Roman miles]. Explicit.
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