The 2023 Tour de France was the 110th edition of the Tour de France. It started in Bilbao, Spain, on 1 July and ended with the final stage at Champs-Élysées, Paris, on 23 July.
Defending champion Jonas Vingegaard () won the general classification for the second year in a row. Two-time champion Tadej Pogačar () finished in second place, with Adam Yates (UAE Team Emirates) finishing third.
The race began in Bilbao in the Basque Country before returning to France. The first two weeks of the race was closely fought between Vingegaard and Pogačar, with just 10 seconds between the riders by the end of the second week. The decisive stages were the individual time trial on stage 16 where Vingegaard won by 1 minute 38 seconds ahead of Pogačar, and the subsequent stage in the Alps where Vingegaard extended his lead to over seven minutes. Vingegaard won the Tour for the second year running, putting him equal on Tour wins with his rival Pogačar. His winning margin of 7 minutes 29 seconds was the largest since 2014.
The points classification was won by Jasper Philipsen () for the first time. The mountains classification was won by Giulio Ciccone (), the first Italian to achieve this feat since 1992. The young rider classification was won by Pogačar for the fourth year in a row, and the team of won the team classification. Victor Campenaerts () was chosen as the most combative rider.
The race was followed by the second edition of the Tour de France Femmes, which held its first stage on the final day of the men's Tour.
Teams
22 teams took part in the race. All 18 UCI WorldTeams were automatically invited. They were joined by 4 UCI ProTeams: the two highest placed UCI ProTeams in 2022 ( and ), along with and who were selected by Amaury Sport Organisation (ASO), the organisers of the Tour. The teams were announced on 4 January 2023. A total of 176 riders from 27 nationalities started the race, with France having the largest contingent (32 riders).
UCI WorldTeams
UCI ProTeams
Route and stages
In January 2022, Amaury Sport Organisation announced that the Basque Country in Spain would host the Grand Départ, with the first stage in Bilbao. It was the second time that the Basque Country hosted the Tour's start, following the 1992 edition. In October 2022, the full route was announced by Christian Prudhomme.
The race began in Bilbao, next to the Guggenheim Museum, before crossing into France on stage 3. After two stages in the Pyrenees, the Tour returned to the Puy de Dôme for the first time since 1988 at the end of the first week. After the first rest day, the race crossed over the Massif Central into the Alps, with stage 13 on Bastille Day ending with a summit finish on the Col du Grand Colombier. Another summit finish followed two stages later, this time at Saint-Gervais-les-Bains. Following the second rest day, stage 16 was the only individual time trial of the race, at in length. Stage 17 in the Alps featured the most climbing, with over on the way to Courchevel. Two transitional stages led to the penultimate day, ending at Le Markstein in the Vosges, before a transfer for the ceremonial final stage in Paris.
The first week of the Tour was described by French rider Romain Bardet () as "most difficult [...] that ever existed", featuring a large number of high-mountain climbs and offering up the possibility of significant time differences between the general classification contenders. The route was considered to favour climbers, with one short, uphill time trial on stage 16. +Stage characteristicsStageDateCourseDistanceElevation gainType Winner11 JulyBilbao (Spain)Medium-mountain stage22 JulyVitoria-Gasteiz to San Sebastián (Spain)Medium-mountain stage 33 JulyAmorebieta-Etxano (Spain) to BayonneFlat stage44 JulyDax to NogaroFlat stage55 JulyPau to LarunsMountain stage66 JulyTarbes to Cauterets (Cambasque)Mountain stage77 JulyMont-de-Marsan to BordeauxFlat stage88 JulyLibourne to LimogesHilly stage99 JulySaint-Léonard-de-Noblat to Puy de DômeMountain stage10 July Clermont-FerrandRest day1011 JulyVulcania to IssoireMedium-mountain stage 1112 July Clermont-Ferrand to MoulinsFlat stage1213 July Roanne to Belleville-en-Beaujolais Medium-mountain stage1314 JulyChâtillon-sur-Chalaronne to Grand ColombierMountain stage1415 JulyAnnemasse to MorzineMountain stage1516 July Les Gets to Saint-Gervais-les-BainsMountain stage17 JulySaint-Gervais-les-BainsRest day1618 JulyPassy to ComblouxIndividual time trial1719 JulySaint-Gervais-les-Bains to CourchevelMountain stage1820 JulyMoûtiers to Bourg-en-BresseFlat stage1921 JulyMoirans-en-Montagne to PolignyMedium-mountain stage2022 JulyBelfort to Le MarksteinMountain stage2123 JulySaint-Quentin-en-Yvelines to Paris (Champs-Élysées)Flat stage Total
Pre-race favourites
The 2023 Tour de France was generally expected to be a two-way fight between defending champion Jonas Vingegaard () and two-time winner Tadej Pogačar (). Both had finished in first and second place respectively the year before, with the positions reversed in 2021. The pair had raced against one another early in the season at Paris–Nice, a race won by Pogačar, while Vingegaard finished third. Vingegaard's form then picked up as the season progressed. He won three stages and the overall classification at the Tour of the Basque Country in April. At the Critérium du Dauphiné, the most important preparation event for the Tour, he won two stages and won the general classification by the biggest margin since 1993. Pogačar meanwhile enjoyed a very successful spring campaign, winning the Tour of Flanders, the Amstel Gold Race, and La Flèche Wallonne. He also came fourth at Milan–San Remo and third at the E3 Saxo Classic. A crash and subsequent injury at Liège–Bastogne–Liège then interrupted his season.
Behind Vingegaard and Pogačar, the best chances at overall victory were given to 2022 Giro d'Italia winner Jai Hindley (). His best result in the run-up to the Tour was fourth overall at the Critérium du Dauphiné. Other riders named as possible favourites were Mikel Landa (), Enric Mas (), David Gaudu (), former Giro d'Italia winner Richard Carapaz (), Ben O'Connor (), and Romain Bardet (). Following his victory at the Tour de Suisse, the name of Mattias Skjelmose () was also added to the list of potential favourites. Also named, albeit with even lower chances of victory, were Adam Yates (), his brother Simon Yates (), Daniel Martínez, Tom Pidcock (both ), and Giulio Ciccone (). Egan Bernal (), the winner of the 2019 Tour de France, was not given big chances to win overall, since he was still recovering from a life-threatening crash the year before, even though he performed well at the Critérium du Dauphiné.
Four-time winner Chris Froome (), who had so far not managed to reach his previous form after a serious accident in 2019, was left off his team's Tour roster. The most notable absentees from the race were a quartet of general classification favourites and former Grand Tour winners who chose to prioritise the 2023 Giro d'Italia, which featured more time trial kilometres than the Tour in 2023, which suited some of these riders. Those four were eventual Giro winner Primož Roglič (), 2018 Tour winner Geraint Thomas () and two who left the Giro through illness and injury when highly placed, 2020 Giro winner Tao Geoghegan Hart () and incumbent World Champion and Vuelta a España winner Remco Evenepoel ().
Several riders were seen as possible favourites for victories on stages ending in bunch sprints and therefore for the points classification, which is won based on points collected by high placings on individual stages and awards a green jersey. Mark Cavendish () returned for his last Tour de France and was chasing the record for most stage wins by any rider, starting the Tour on an equal number of 34 with Eddy Merckx. A stage win at the Giro d'Italia proved that Cavendish was still a strong sprinter, even at the age of 38. Due to strong performances so far in the season, the best chances at multiple sprint stage wins were given to Jasper Philipsen (). Other favourites in this category included Dylan Groenewegen (), and Fabio Jakobsen (). Riders who could excel both in sprints and on more hilly terrain, and therefore would be candidates for the points classification as well, were defending green jersey winner Wout van Aert (), former world champion Mads Pedersen (), Mathieu van der Poel (), and Biniam Girmay ().
Race overview
Grand Départ and the first week
The first stage around Bilbao in the Basque Country saw a crash of several riders, which ultimately forced two pre-race favourites, Carapaz and Mas, to abandon. The race broke into several groups over the two final climbs of the day, with identical twins Simon and Adam Yates breaking away from a select group on the final ascent. The pair held their advantage to the finish, with Adam Yates taking the stage win and the first leader's yellow jersey ahead of his brother. Pogačar won the sprint in the group behind to finish third, and Neilson Powless () took the lead in the mountains classification. Stage 2 featured the climb of the Jaizkibel, prominently used in the race Clásica de San Sebastián later in the season. On the climb, a select group of favourites emerged ahead of the peloton, with Pogačar taking eight bonus seconds available at the summit ahead of Vingegaard. Victor Lafay () broke clear of the leading group within the final kilometre of the stage and managed to keep his advantage to win the stage ahead of van Aert, while Yates retained the yellow jersey.
Jasper Philipsen won the following two, relatively flat, stages from bunch sprints. On stage 3 into Bayonne, he came in ahead of Phil Bauhaus (), following a strong lead-out by teammate Mathieu van der Poel. Yates remained in the leader's jersey while Powless collected more points for the mountains classification as part of the breakaway. Philipsen then won ahead of Caleb Ewan () and Bauhaus at the finish of stage 4, which ended at the Circuit Paul Armagnac in Nogaro. The final part of the stage was marred by several crashes, including Fabio Jakobsen, while Yates retained the yellow jersey for another day. Following two hard opening days and with the high mountains of the Pyrenees to come the day after, the field was taking a slow tempo during stage 4, with no breakaway forming until into the race. This led to criticism, with some, such as stage winner Philipsen, describing it as "the most boring Tour de France stage for a long time".
On stage 5, the first mountain stage in the Pyrenees, a 36-man breakaway containing multiple pre-race favourites including Jai Hindley escaped from the bunch and established a stable advantage. The maximum lead of the group over the field was four minutes and was still at 2:30 minutes as it began the ascent of the final climb of the day, the Col de Marie-Blanque. Hindley dropped the remaining breakaway riders and rode alone over the top of the climb and into the finish in Laruns to win the stage, taking the lead in the general classification. Felix Gall () had gained enough points during the stage to go into the lead of the mountains classification. Behind in the group of favourites, Vingegaard attacked from the summit of the Marie-Blanque and managed to distance Pogačar. Catching up to several breakaway riders, Vingegaard finished fifth on the day, 34 seconds behind Hindley. Pogačar opted to wait for distanced teammate Adam Yates to try to limit his losses, but eventually arrived at the finish 1:04 minutes behind Vingegaard, dropping to sixth place overall. With him came in other favourites such as Gaudu, Martinez, Rodriguez, and the Yates brothers. Meanwhile, Ben O'Connor and Romain Bardet lost 1:57 minutes to Hindley.