Chaetostoma spondylus is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Loricariidae, the suckermouth armoured catfishes, and the subfamily Hypostominae, the suckermouth catfishes. This catfish is endemic to Peru where it is found in mountain tributaries of the Maranon River at altitudes bteween , preferring steep streams and rapids with a bed of boulders. This species reaches a standard length of . C. spondylus is thought to prefer temperatures of .
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