Phalaenopsis venosa, is a species of orchid endemic to Sulawesi, Indonesia. The specific epithet venosa, from the Latin venosus meaning veiny,venosus - Latinitium | Latin Dictionaries. Retrieved May 5, 2022, from https://latinitium.com/latin-dictionaries/?t=lsn50446 refers to the floral colouration.
Description The plants usually have 3-5 10–20 cm long and 5–7.5 cm wide leaves. The 4–5 cm wide flowers with a light green anther cap are produced on erect, branched or unbranched inflorescences with a flattened rhachis. Mature specimens can produce several inflorescences at once. The base of the oblong-elliptic petals and sepals, as well as the column and the labellum is white. The ground colour of the greenish-yellow petals and sepals is almost concealed by brown colouration and transverse barring, although veins of the ground colour remain visible, which are reflected in the species name. The floral fragrance has been reported to be unpleasant.Phalaenopsis venosa Shim & Fowlie 1983. (n.d.). Internet Orchid Species Photo Encyclopedia. Retrieved May 5, 2022, from http://www.orchidspecies.com/phalvenosa.htmLagrelle, B. (n.d.). Phalaenopsis venosa (Shim & Fowlie 1983). Espèces de Phalaenopsis. Retrieved May 5, 2022, from http://bernard.lagrelle.pagesperso-orange.fr/Venosa/anglais/phalaenopsis%20venosa%20anglais.htmChristenson, Eric A. (2001). Phalaenopsis : a monograph. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press. p. 159-162. ISBN 1604691719. The diploid chromosome count is 2n = 38. The karyotype is bimodal and thus small and larger chromosomes are present.Hsiao, Y. Y., Pan, Z. J., Hsu, C. C., Yang, Y. P., Hsu, Y. C., Chuang, Y. C., ... & Chen, H. H. (2011). "Research on orchid biology and biotechnology." Plant and Cell Physiology, 52(9), 1467-1486. Large heterochromatin blocks are present at the ends of the large metacentric or submetacentric chromosomes.Lee, Y. I., Chung, M. C., Kuo, H. C., Wang, C. N., Lee, Y. C., Lin, C. Y., ... & Yeh, C. H. (2017). "The evolution of genome size and distinct distribution patterns of rDNA in Phalaenopsis (Orchidaceae)." Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 185(1), 65-80.
Ecology This species inhabits wet lowland forests at elevations of 450–1000 m above sea level.
Taxonomy It is placed within the section Amboinenses,Tsai, C. C., Sheue, C. R., Chen, C. H., & Chou, C. H. (2010). "Phylogenetics and biogeography of the Phalaenopsis violacea (Orchidaceae) species complex based on nuclear and plastid DNA." Journal of Plant Biology, 53(6), 453-460. as it is the sister species to Phalaenopsis amboinensis. It has a wider labellum than Phalaenopsis amboinensis.
Conservation It has been reported to be threatened to extinction.Della Rahayu, E. M., Putri, W. U., Wardani, F. F., & Endewip, L. N. (2022). "Mikromorfologi dan Perkecambahan In Vitro Biji Anggrek Endemik Sulawesi: Phalaenopsis venosa Shim & Fowlie." Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy), 50(1), 107-114. Endemic species of Sulawesi are threatened with conversion of habitats to housing areas, plantations, roads and through illegal logging.Widjaja, E., & Pratama, B. (2013). "Flora Diversity Loss in Bioregion Sulawesi." In Proceeding. International Conference on Forest and Biodiversity. Manado Forestry Research Institute.
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