Coulston is a surname, probably an English habitation name from Coulston in Wiltshire.

Notable people with the surname include:

Ashley Coulston, Australian convicted murderer Frank Coulston (born 1942), Scottish footballer Fred Coulston, American toxicologist who established the Coulston Foundation, a former research facility in New Mexico Jean Coulston (1934–2001), New Zealand cricketer Peter W. Coulston, an American aviation electronics technician after whom the Coulston Glacier in Antarctica is named Walter Coulston (1912–1990), English footballer

See also Colston (name)