The 46th Canadian federal election will elect members of the House of Commons to the 46th Canadian Parliament. Pursuant to the Canada Elections Act, the election is tentatively scheduled for October 15, 2029, but it may be called earlier.
The 2025 Canadian federal election resulted in the formation of a minority government led by Mark Carney. Carney later formed a majority government in April 2026 through by-election wins and floor-crossings.
Date of the election Under the fixed-date provisions of the Canada Elections Act, a federal election must be held on the third Monday in October in the fourth calendar year after the polling day of the previous election. The previous election was held in 2025, therefore an election is scheduled to take place on October 15, 2029. However, the election may occur before that date if the governor general dissolves Parliament on the recommendation of the prime minister, either for a snap election or after the government loses a vote on a supply bill (which has not happened since 1979) or a specific motion of no confidence (which has not happened since 2011).
Background In the 2025 Canadian federal election, the incumbent Liberal Party, led by Prime Minister Mark Carney, won a plurality of seats but failed to win enough seats to gain a parliamentary majority, continuing their six-year tenure as a minority government and marking the third consecutive term of a Liberal minority government. Led by Justin Trudeau, the party won a majority government in 2015, after almost ten years of Conservative leadership under Stephen Harper, but later it was reduced to a minority government in the 2019 election and remained as such in 2021.
The Conservative Party continued as the Official Opposition, with party leader Pierre Poilievre losing re-election in his seat of Carleton after nearly 21 years to Liberal candidate Bruce Fanjoy. Damien Kurek, the Conservative member of Parliament–elect for the riding of Battle River—Crowfoot, announced his intentions to resign on May 2, 2025, allowing Poilievre to run in a by-election. Kurek had to wait 30 days after election results were published in the Canada Gazette to resign officially, and plans to run for the Alberta seat again in the next general election. On May 6, Andrew Scheer became the leader of the Official Opposition, the title he had previously held from 2017 to 2020, as Poilievre could not officially hold the title without a seat in Parliament. Poilievre was elected on August 18, returning to the House of Commons.
Jagmeet Singh, the leader of the New Democratic Party, also lost his seat, with the party winning just seven seats, resulting in the loss of the party's official party status for the first time since 1993. It was the worst result in the history of the party, including its predecessor party, the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation. As a result, Singh announced his intention to resign from the leadership of the NDP once an interim leader was chosen. On May 5, Don Davies was chosen by the party's Federal Council as interim leader of the NDP until the next leadership election, which was won by filmmaker and activist Avi Lewis.
Jonathan Pedneault, the co-leader of the Green Party, was not elected to a seat in Parliament, with the party winning just one seat and receiving its lowest share of the popular vote since 2000. As a result, Pedneault announced his resignation as co-leader shortly after the election. On August 19, Elizabeth May announced her intention to resign as party leader.
Incumbents not standing for re-election Member of the Legislative AssemblyElectoral districtFirst electedDate announcedRef. Parry Sound—Muskoka2019 September 30, 2026
Changes in seats held
+ Changes in seats held (2025–present) Seat Before Change Date Member Party Reason Date Member PartyBattle River—CrowfootJune 17, 2025Damien KurekResigned to provide a seat for Pierre PoilievreAugust 18, 2025Pierre PoilievreAcadie—AnnapolisNovember 4, 2025Chris d'EntremontLeft to join the Liberal Party caucusMarkham—UnionvilleDecember 11, 2025Michael MaLeft to join the Liberal Party caucusUniversity—RosedaleJanuary 9, 2026Chrystia FreelandResigned to become an economic advisor for UkraineApril 13, 2026Danielle MartinScarborough SouthwestFebruary 2, 2026Bill BlairResigned as a member of Parliament to become the Canadian high commissioner to the United KingdomApril 13, 2026Doly BegumTerrebonneFebruary 13, 2026Tatiana Auguste2025 election results annulled by the Supreme Court of CanadaApril 13, 2026Tatiana AugusteEdmonton RiverbendFebruary 18, 2026Matt JenerouxLeft to join the Liberal Party caucusNunavutMarch 10, 2026Lori IdloutLeft to join the Liberal Party caucusSarnia—Lambton—BkejwanongApril 8, 2026Marilyn GladuLeft to join the Liberal Party caucusRosemont—La Petite-PatrieApril 27, 2026Alexandre BoulericePending resignation from federal Parliament to run in the 2026 Quebec provincial election for Québec solidaireSaint-Hyacinthe—Bagot—ActonMay 28, 2026Simon-Pierre Savard-TremblayPending resignation from federal Parliament to run in the 2026 Quebec provincial election for the Parti QuébécoisNorth Vancouver—CapilanoJune 19, 2026Jonathan WilkinsonResigned as a member of Parliament to become the Canadian ambassador to the European UnionAugust 31, 2026Braeden CaleySaint-Hyacinthe—Bagot—ActonJune 19, 2026Simon-Pierre Savard-TremblayResigned as a member of Parliament to run in the 2026 Quebec provincial electionTBDTBDChicoutimi—Le FjordJuly 7, 2026Richard MartelResigned as a member of Parliament following appointment to the Senate of CanadaAugust 31, 2026Daniel GobeilBeaches—East YorkJuly 7, 2026Nate Erskine-SmithResignedAugust 31, 2026Tanveer ShahnawazScarborough NorthAugust 15, 2026Shaun ChenResignedTBDTBDRosemont—La Petite-PatrieAugust 26, 2026Alexandre BoulericeResigned as a member of Parliament to run in the 2026 Quebec provincial electionTBDTBDLaurier—Sainte-MarieAugust 28, 2026Steven GuilbeaultResignedTBDTBDYorkton—MelvilleAugust 31, 2026Cathay WagantallResignedTBDTBDBrantford—Brant SouthSeptember 18, 2026Larry BrockResignedTBDTBD
Timeline 2025 November 4Chris d'Entremont resigns from the Conservative caucus and crosses the floor to join the Liberals. December 11Michael Ma resigns from the Conservative caucus and crosses the floor to join the Liberals.
2026 January 9Chrystia Freeland resigns as a member of Parliament to become an economic advisor for Ukraine. January 31Pierre Poilievre receives 87.4% support in a leadership review vote during the Conservative Party of Canada convention. February 2Bill Blair resigns as a member of Parliament to become the Canadian high commissioner to the United Kingdom. February 13The riding of Terrebonne becomes vacant after the Supreme Court of Canada annuls its 2025 results. February 18Matt Jeneroux resigns from the Conservative caucus and crosses the floor to join the Liberals. March 10Lori Idlout resigns from the New Democratic Party caucus and crosses the floor to join the Liberals. March 29The 2026 New Democratic Party leadership election concludes with Avi Lewis being elected as the new leader of the New Democratic Party. April 8Marilyn Gladu resigns from the Conservative caucus and crosses the floor to join the Liberals. April 13Three by-elections take place, resulting in the Liberals attaining a majority in the House of Commons. April 27Alexandre Boulerice leaves the New Democratic Party caucus to sit as an independent until the Quebec provincial election is called. May 28Simon-Pierre Savard-Tremblay leaves the Bloc Québécois caucus to sit as an independent until the Quebec provincial election is called. June 19Jonathan Wilkinson and Simon-Pierre Savard-Tremblay resign as members of Parliament. July 7Richard Martel and Nate Erskine-Smith resign as members of Parliament, with Martel appointed to the Senate of Canada. August 15Shaun Chen resigns as a member of Parliament. August 26Alexandre Boulerice resigns as a member of Parliament. August 28Steven Guilbeault resigns as a member of Parliament. August 31Three by-elections take place, resulting in the Liberals growing their majority in the House of Commons. September 18Larry Brock resigns as a member of Parliament.
Opinion polls
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