The 1888 North-West Territories general election elected members of the 2nd Legislative Council of the North-West Territories. The 2nd Legislative Council of the North-West Territories replaced the 1st Council of the North-West Territories. The 2nd Legislative Council of the North-West Territories was replaced by the 1st North-West Assembly in 1891 when the quota of elected members was reached. (A different 2nd Council of the Northwest Territories (1905–1951) was created in 1905, when the NWT lost most of its population, to differentiate the new one from the two legislative councils of the NWT that had existed 1876 to 1891.)
The 1888 election was the first general election in the history of the North-West Territories, Canada. Elections were held in various districts between 20 June and 30 June 1888. Although considered a general election, the writs were issued to return on various days. (1891 North-West Territories general election would be the first election where all the seats came empty on the same day.)
Prior to 1888, the elected members of the 1st Council of the North-West Territories were elected in by-elections to supplement members appointed by the Government of Canada. In order to have an elected member, a constituency needed to be set up in an area in size that had 1,000 residents. This created a patchwork of represented and unrepresented areas across the sprawling and sparsely settled territory.
Twenty-one members were elected in this election.
Robert Brett, the member for Red Deer, was appointed government leader by Lieutenant Governor Joseph Royal. His official title was Chairman of the Lieutenant Governor's Advisory Council.
Three judges were appointed to the legislative assembly to provide legal advice, but they were not able to vote. They represented the territory at large.
Voters in this election cast their votes by telling the returning officer who they wanted to vote for. This system lasted until 1894 when a secret ballot was first used in a by-election in the Whitewood district.
Election results Voter turnout cannot be established as no voters lists were in use. Candidates were all elected on non-partisan basis. Decisions in the council were decided by majority vote.
Three members were elected by acclamation. One was re-elected; two were newly elected.
Calgary and Edmonton elected two members through Plurality block voting.
Election summary Candidates# of candidatesPopular voteIncumbentNew#%Acclaimed candidates12--Elected candidates8105,08162.53%Defeated candidates-19 3,04537.47%Total40 8,126100%
Legal advisors Three members were appointed by Lieutenant Governor Joseph Royal after the election: James Macleod, Hugh Richardson and Charles Rouleau. The purpose of these three legal advisors was to bring experience in procedure, protocol and amending and introducing legislation. The legal advisors held seats at large, were allowed to participate in debates (but not vote) and were paid a salary of $250.
The three members of the assembly had already served as members of the Assembly previously. There were no legal advisors reappointed after dissolution of the 1st North-West Legislative Assembly in 1891.
Members of the Legislative Assembly elected
For complete electoral history, see individual districts Electoral DistrictElectedSecondThirdFourthIncumbentBatocheHilliard Mitchell8255.78%James Fisher6544.22%New DistrictBattlefordJames Clinkskill18053.57%David Livingstone Clink15646.43%New DistrictCalgaryJohn Lineham80943.80% Hugh Cayley63434.33%James Reilly40421.87%John D. Lauder andHugh Cayley (elected on July 14, 1886)EdmontonHerbert Charles Wilson39532.54% Frank Oliver35028.83%Samuel Cunningham31926.28%Daniel Maloney15012.36%Herbert Charles WilsonKinistinoJames Hoey10453.89%John C. Slater8946.11%New DistrictMacleodFrederick W. A. G. HaultainAcclamationFrederick W. A. G. HaultainMedicine HatThomas TweedAcclamationNew DistrictMoose JawJames Hamilton Ross16155.52%George Malcolm Annable12944.48%James Hamilton RossMoosominJohn Ryerson NeffAcclamationSpencer BedfordNorth Qu’AppelleWilliam Sutherland26871.85%William Albert Clark10528.15%New District from Qu'AppelleWilliam SutherlandNorth ReginaDavid Jelly22762.71%George W. Brown13537.29%New District from ReginaDavid JellyPrince AlbertWilliam Plaxton38337.85% John Felton Betts32231.82%Owen Hughes30730.34%New DistrictRed DeerRobert Brett32560.98%Alfred Brealey20839.02%New DistrictSourisJohn Gillanders Turriff23664.84%John Wesley Connell9225.27%Fraser369.89% New District from Moose MountainJohn Gillanders TurriffSouth Qu’AppelleGeorge Davidson26257.33%William Robert Bell19542.67% New District from Qu'AppelleRobert CrawfordSouth ReginaJohn Secord13152.19%David Lynch Scott12047.81%New District from ReginaJohn SecordWallaceJoel Reaman18872.31%William Eakin7227.69%New DistrictWhitewoodAlexander Thorburn16638.88%Thomas Gamble Lyons15837.00%John Hawkes10324.12%New DistrictWolseleyBenjamin Parkyn Richardson20950.73%James Dill20349.27%New District
Medicine Hat In the Medicine Hat electoral district, candidate William Finlay had withdrawn before election day. The returning officer declared Thomas Tweed elected by acclamation. Finlay lost his nomination deposit of $200.00
Notes
Plurality block voting was used; each voter had two votes
References
Further reading
External links Personnel of the Northwest Territories Assembly 1888–1905 History of Northwest Territories Assembly 1876–1905