James Balfour may refer to:
Politics James Balfour, Lord Pittendreich (1525–1583), Scottish judge and politician James Balfour (died 1845) (c. 1775–1845), member of parliament for Anstruther Burghs 1826–31 and Haddingtonshire 1831–35 James Maitland Balfour (1820–1856), Scottish politician, member of parliament for Haddington Burghs 1841–47 James Balfour (Australian politician) (1830–1913), Scottish-born Australian merchant and politician James Balfour (mayor) (1867–1947), educator, lawyer and political figure in Saskatchewan, Canada James Miller Balfour (1874–1943), Australian politician James Balfour (Canadian politician) (1928–1999), Saskatchewan Jim Balfour (1914–1990), Australian politician
Other James Balfour, 1st Baron Balfour of Glenawley or Clonawley (died 1634), Scottish nobleman and courtier Sir James Balfour, 1st Baronet of Denmilne and Kinnaird (c. 1600–c. 1658), Scottish annalist and antiquary James Balfour (philosopher) (1705–1795), Scottish philosopher James Balfour (priest) (1731–1809), Newfoundland Church of England clergyman James Balfour (British Army officer) (1743–1823), commander-in-chief of Bombay, 1794; colonel of the 83rd Regiment James Balfour (planter) (1777–1841), Scottish-born Surinamese planter James Balfour (engineer) (1831–1869), Scottish-born New Zealand marine engineer James Balfour (architect) (1854–1917), Canadian architect from Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
See also Sir James Balfour Paul (1846–1931), Scottish herald, Lord Lyon King of Arms 1890–1926