Feminism: The Essential Historical Writings is an anthology edited with an introduction and commentaries by Miriam Schneir. It was originally published in 1972 and re-published in 1994 by Vintage Books. It consists of essays, fiction, memoirs, and letters by what Schneir labels the major feminist writers. The content included ranges from 1776 to 1929 and focuses on topics of civil rights and emancipation. The book has had an influence on education, being used as a resource in women's studies classes. Various scholars have given both positive and negative reviews of this book. It remains in print to this day.
Introduction and commentaries Schneir supplied the introduction to the book as well as commentaries on each work and its author. In the introduction, she defines the book's main purpose as simply to acquaint women with the great feminist writings of the past. She notes how much of the included content focuses on "still-unsolved feminist problems", and therefore the book is about both the past and future of the feminist movement.
Content The book is made up of essays, fiction, memoirs, and letters by what Schneir labels the major feminist writers, including Elizabeth Cady Stanton, George Sand, Mary Wollstonecraft, Abigail Adams, Emma Goldman, Friedrich Engels, Sojourner Truth, Susan B. Anthony, John Stuart Mill, Margaret Sanger, Virginia Woolf, and many others. The presented materials range from the 18th to 20th century, with the earliest work being from 1776 and the latest from 1929. Schneir describes this as the phase of "old feminism". Most of the works included were written by Americans, with the addition of some by European writers. The book has five sections: Eighteenth Century Rebels, Women Alone, An American Women’s Movement, Men as Feminists, and Twentieth-Century Themes. The content is related to a theme of civil rights and emancipation, specifically focusing on topics of marriage, economic dependence, and personal independence and selfhood. It also includes multiple works written by male socialists, linking ideas of feminism and socialism together.
Choice of content Schneir described her process of choosing the material for the book as looking for the basic, essential writings of feminism that everyone should know. She justifies the use of predominantly American content through her American nationality and the idea that the United States was the world center of "old feminism". The influence of Schneir’s leftist background can also be considered when examining the content chosen for this book.
List of content included Schneir includes experts from the works below. The works are listed in chronological order. +ContentWorkAuthorFamiliar Letters of John Adams and His Wife, Abigail Adams, During the RevolutionAbigail AdamsA Vindication of the Rights of WomanMary WollstonecraftCourse of Popular LecturesFrances WrightIndianaGeorge SandLetters of George SandGeorge SandThe Intimate Journal of George SandGeorge SandLetters on the Equality of the Sexes and the Condition of WomenSarah Moore GrimkéEarly Factory Labour in New EnglandHarriet M. RobinsonThe Song of the ShirtThomas HoodWoman in the Nineteenth CenturyMargaret FullerMarried Women's Property Act, New York, 1848N/ADeclaration of Sentiments and Resolutions, Seneca FallsN/AEditorial from The North StarFrederick DouglassIntelligent WickednessWilliam Lloyd GarrisonLetter from Prison of St. Lazare, ParisN/AAin't I a Woman?Sojourner TruthWhat Time of Night It IsSojourner TruthNot Christianity, but PriestcraftLucretia MottMarriage of Lucy Stone Under ProtestLucy StoneDisappointment Is the Lot of WomenLucy StoneAddress to the New York State Legislature, 1854Elizabeth Cady StantonAddress to the New York State Legislature, 1860Elizabeth Cady StantonMarried Women's Property Act, New York, 1860N/APetitions Were CirculatedErnestine RoseKeeping the Thing Going While Things are StirringSojourner TruthThe United States of America vs. Susan B. AnthonySusan B. AnthonyWoman Wants Bread, Not the Ballot!Susan B. AnthonyVirtue: What It Is, and What It Is NotVictoria Woodhull & Tennessee ClaflinWhich Is to Blame?Victoria Woodhull & Tennessee ClaflinThe Elixir of LifeVictoria Woodhull & Tennessee ClaflinWomanlinessElizabeth Cady StantonSolitude of SelfElizabeth Cady StantonThe Subjection of WomenJohn Stuart MillA Doll's HouseHenrik IbsenThe Origin of the Family, Private Property, and the StateFriedrich EngelsWomen and SocialismAugust BebelThe Theory of the Leisure ClassThorstein VeblenWomen and EconomicsCharlotte Perkins GilmanThe LadyEmily James Smith PutnamSenate Report - History of Women in Industry in the United StatesN/AWomen's Share in Social CultureAnna Garlin SpencerThe World Movement for Woman Suffrage 1904 to 1911: Is Woman Suffrage Progressing?Carrie Chapman CattI Incite This Meeting to Rebellion When Civil War Is Waged by WomenEmmeline PankhurstBread and RosesN/AThe Traffic in WomenEmma GoldmanMarriage and LoveEmma GoldmanWomen and the New RaceMargaret SangerMy Recollections of Lenin: An Interview on the Woman QuestionClara ZetkinA Room of One's OwnVirginia WoolfOn Understanding WomenMary Ritter Beard
Influence
Educational use This book has held influence in education as it has been used to teach students about feminism. In the absence of the history of feminism from traditional history books, students studied this book in women's studies classes. Some scholars say that it is an accessible and useful resource for undergraduate courses focusing on the history of feminism. It is said to be good because it covers old materials in an engaging way and encourages students to continue learning about them. Others recognize that it provides insight into how particular discourses and narratives are established and think of it as a resource for students to be critical of and challenge the dominant constructions of feminist history.
Reviews One common point of discussion throughout reviews is the construction of the history of feminism that this book produces. Knowledge production is often critiqued, as sometimes it is based on very few ideas. This book produces a knowledge of feminism without considering multiple ideas. Some argue that this book highlights a linear progression of a western narrative of feminism, not examining feminism in different historical periods or different countries. This results in the absence of diverse views and perspectives. Further, some note that the book fails to consider race. The construction of feminist history produced in it both misrepresents and does not appropriately include Black women's perspectives.
Multiple scholars mentioned Schneir's introduction and commentaries in their reviews. The writing on the back cover of the book is critiqued for being misleading. It states that the book highlights ignored or forgotten materials, but most of the material is actually pretty well known. Some also feel that more critical introductions to the works and more critical bibliographies for each writer would have added value to the book.
Some scholars recognize the importance of the book. They feel that it is an excellent collection of works from the history of feminism. Others additionally note that the book holds historical significance.
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