Vitales is an order of flowering plants. In the APG III system (2009) onwards, the family Vitaceae is placed in its own order, Vitales. Molecular phylogenetic studies place the Vitales as the most basal clade in the rosids. The anthophytes are a grouping of plant taxa bearing flower-like reproductive structures. They were formerly thought to be a clade comprising plants bearing flower-like structures. The group contained the angiosperms - the extant flowering plants, such as roses and grasses - as well as the Gnetales and the extinct Bennettitales.

23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened. Nine biomes have been described in South Africa: Fynbos, Succulent Karoo, desert, Nama Karoo, grassland, savanna, Albany thickets, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, and forests.

The 2018 South African National Biodiversity Institute's National Biodiversity Assessment plant checklist lists 35,130 taxa in the phyla Anthocerotophyta (hornworts (6)), Anthophyta (flowering plants (33534)), Bryophyta (mosses (685)), Cycadophyta (cycads (42)), Lycopodiophyta (Lycophytes(45)), Marchantiophyta (liverworts (376)), Pinophyta (conifers (33)), and Pteridophyta (cryptogams (408)).

One family is represented in the literature. Listed taxa include species, subspecies, varieties, and forms as recorded, some of which have subsequently been allocated to other taxa as synonyms, in which cases the accepted taxon is appended to the listing. Multiple entries under alternative names reflect taxonomic revision over time.

Vitaceae Family: Vitaceae,

Ampelocissus Genus Ampelocissus: Ampelocissus obtusata (Welw. ex Baker) Planch. indigenous Ampelocissus obtusata (Welw. ex Baker) Planch. subsp. kirkiana (Planch.) Wild & R.B.Drumm. indigenous

Cayratia Genus Cayratia: Cayratia gracilis (Guill. & Perr.) Suess. indigenous

Cissus Genus Cissus: Cissus cactiformis Gilg, indigenous Cissus cornifolia (Baker) Planch. indigenous Cissus cussonioides Schinz, endemic Cissus diversilobata C.A.Sm. indigenous Cissus fragilis E.Mey. ex Kunth, endemic Cissus quadrangularis L. indigenous Cissus quadrangularis L. var. quadrangularis, indigenous Cissus rotundifolia (Forssk.) Vahl, indigenous Cissus rotundifolia (Forssk.) Vahl var. rotundifolia, indigenous

Cyphostemma Genus Cyphostemma : Cyphostemma anatomicum (C.A.Sm.) Wild & R.B.Drumm. endemic Cyphostemma barbosae Wild & R.B.Drumm. indigenous Cyphostemma buchananii (Planch.) Desc. ex Wild & R.B.Drumm. indigenous Cyphostemma cirrhosum (Thunb.) Desc. ex Wild & R.B.Drumm. indigenous Cyphostemma cirrhosum (Thunb.) Desc. ex Wild & R.B.Drumm. subsp. cirrhosum, indigenous Cyphostemma cirrhosum (Thunb.) Desc. ex Wild & R.B.Drumm. subsp. transvaalense (Szyszyl.) Wild & R.B, indigenous Cyphostemma dasypleurum (C.A.Sm.) J.J.M.van der Merwe, endemic Cyphostemma flaviflorum (Sprague) Desc. indigenous Cyphostemma hardyi Retief, endemic Cyphostemma hereroense (Schinz) Desc. ex Wild & R.B.Drumm. indigenous Cyphostemma hispidiflorum (C.A.Sm.) J.J.M.van der Merwe, endemic Cyphostemma humile (N.E.Br.) Desc. ex Wild & R.B.Drumm. indigenous Cyphostemma humile (N.E.Br.) Desc. ex Wild & R.B.Drumm. subsp. dolichopus (C.A.Sm.) Wild & R.B.Drumm, indigenous Cyphostemma humile (N.E.Br.) Desc. ex Wild & R.B.Drumm. subsp. humile, indigenous Cyphostemma hypoleucum (Harv.) Desc. ex Wild & R.B.Drumm. indigenous Cyphostemma lanigerum (Harv.) Desc. ex Wild & R.B.Drumm. indigenous Cyphostemma natalitium (Szyszyl.) J.J.M.van der Merwe, endemic Cyphostemma oleraceum (Bolus) J.J.M.van der Merwe, endemic Cyphostemma paucidentatum (Klotzsch) Desc. ex Wild & R.B.Drumm. indigenous Cyphostemma puberulum (C.A.Sm.) Wild & R.B.Drumm. indigenous Cyphostemma quinatum (Dryand.) Desc. ex Wild & R.B.Drumm. indigenous Cyphostemma rubroglandulosum Retief & A.E.van Wyk, endemic Cyphostemma sandersonii (Harv.) Desc. indigenous Cyphostemma schlechteri (Gilg & M.Brandt) Desc. ex Wild & R.B.Drumm. indigenous Cyphostemma segmentatum (C.A.Sm.) J.J.M.van der Merwe, indigenous Cyphostemma simulans (C.A.Sm.) Wild & R.B.Drumm. indigenous Cyphostemma spinosopilosum (Gilg & M.Brandt) Desc. indigenous Cyphostemma subciliatum (Baker) Desc. ex Wild & R.B.Drumm. indigenous Cyphostemma sulcatum (C.A.Sm.) J.J.M.van der Merwe, endemic Cyphostemma woodii (Gilg & M.Brandt) Desc. indigenous

Rhoicissus Genus Rhoicissus: Rhoicissus digitata (L.f.) Gilg & M.Brandt, indigenous Rhoicissus kougabergensis Retief & Van Jaarsv. endemic Rhoicissus laetans Retief, endemic Rhoicissus microphylla (Turcz.) Gilg & M.Brandt, endemic Rhoicissus revoilii Planch. indigenous Rhoicissus rhomboidea (E.Mey. ex Harv.) Planch. indigenous Rhoicissus sekhukhuniensis Retief, Siebert & A.E.van Wyk, endemic Rhoicissus sessilifolia Retief, endemic Rhoicissus tomentosa (Lam.) Wild & R.B.Drumm. indigenous Rhoicissus tridentata (L.f.) Wild & R.B.Drumm. indigenous Rhoicissus tridentata (L.f.) Wild & R.B.Drumm. subsp. cuneifolia (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Urton, indigenous Rhoicissus tridentata (L.f.) Wild & R.B.Drumm. subsp. tridentata, endemic

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