The Huáyí yìyǔ () refers to a series of vocabularies produced by Ming and Qing dynasty Chinese administration for the study of foreign languages. They are a precious source of phonological information, both for the study of Chinese pronunciation and for the study of the languages in question.
Categorization The relevant works of the huáyí yìyǔ fall into four categories:YONG-SŎNG LI, The Uighur Word Materials in a Manuscript of Huá-yí-yì-yǔ (華夷譯語) in the Library of Seoul National University (V) — 天文門 tianwenmen 'the category of astronomy' Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society; Cambridge Vol. 29, Iss. 2, (Apr 2019): 257–318. DOI:10.1017/S1356186318000433 A Sino-Mongolian vocabulary compiled by Huo Yuanjie (火源潔). Vocabularies that were compiled and re-edited in the Siyiguan (四夷館). Vocabularies prepared by the Huitongguan (會同館). Qing dynasty vocabularies.
Languages covered in the Siyiguan
The languages covered by works in the second class include:
韃靼 Mongolian 女直 Jurchen 西番 “Western Barbarians” (Khams Tibetan) 西天 "India" (Middle Indo-Aryan languages) 回回 Early New Persian, 高昌 Uighur 百夷 Daic languages 緬甸 Burmese 八百 Babai (Lanna) 暹羅 Siamese
Tatsuo Nishida published a book studying each, the Tibetan,Nishida Tatsuo 西田 龍雄 1970. Seibankan Yakugo no kenkyū: Chibetto gengogaku josetsu 西番館譯語の研究：チベット言語學序説 (A study of the Tibetan-Chinese vocabulary Hsi-fan-kuan i-yu: An introduction to Tibetan linguistics). Ka-i Yakugo kenkyū sōsho 華夷譯語研究叢書1. Kyoto: 松香堂Shōkadō. Burmese,Nishida Tatsuo 西田 龍雄 1972. Mentenkan Yakugo no kenkyū: Biruma gengogaku josetsu 緬甸館譯語の研究：ビルマ言語學序説 (A study of the Burmese-Chinese vocabulary Mien-tien-kuan i-yu: An introduction to Burmese linguistics). Ka-i Yakugo kenkyū sōsho 2. Kyoto: Shōkadō. TosuNishida Tatsuo 西田 龍雄 1973. Tosu Yakugo no kenkyū: Shin gengo Tosugo no kōzō to keitō 多續譯語の研究：新言語トス語の構造と系統 (A study of the Tosu-Chinese vocabulary Tos i-yu: The stricture and linage of Tosu, a new language.) Ka-i Yakugo kenkyū sōsho 6. Kyoto: Shōkadō. and Lolo 西田龍雄(1980) 1979. Roro Yakugo no kenkyū: Rorogo no kōzō to keitō 倮儸譯語の研究：ロロ語の構造と系統 (A study of the Lolo-Chinese vocabulary Lolo i-yu: The stricture and linage of Shui-liao Lolo.) Ka-i Yakugo kenkyū sōsho 6. Kyoto: Shōkadō. languages as recorded in the Hua-yi yiu.
Languages covered in the Huitongguan
The languages covered by works in the third class covered:
朝鮮 Korean 琉球 Ryukyuan 日本 Japanese 安南 (Annan) Vietnamese 暹羅 Siamese 韃靼 Khitan (the Eastern Mongols) 畏兀兒/委兀兒 Uighur 滿剌加 Malaccan Malay 占城 Champa of southern Vietnam 西番 ('Western Barbarians') Khams Tibetan 回回 Persian 女直 Jurchen 百夷 Bai
See also Pearl in the Palm Pentaglot Dictionary
References