The following is a list of herbaria in Turkey. Herbaria are established within faculties and institutes of credible universities. Those created in departments that are concerned with natural sciences such as botany, ecology, biogeography and climatology are mostly used to do research on the genetics of the plants, to examine their distribution on specific geographical locations and to protect them for future generations, while those affiliated with more practice-based departments such as pharmacy are used as a resource for drug production techniques.
The first herbarium in Turkey was opened in 1933 within the Faculty of Science at Ankara University. Founded by Kurt Krause and Hikmet Birand, this herbarium is the oldest among its counterparts in the country and has the most number of species within its 200,000-piece collection. Therefore, it is also called Herbarium Turcicum (Turkish Herbarium). The Sugar Institute Herbarium, Atatürk University Faculty of Science Herbarium and Ege University Faculty of Pharmacy Herbarium are closed to visitors and scientific researchers. However, thanks to a specially created website, it is possible to access all the data related to the Ege University Faculty of Pharmacy Herbarium remotely. Altınbaş University Faculty of Pharmacy Herbarium, which opened in 2018, is the first herbarium to be established by a private university. In addition, Anadolu, Ankara, Ege, Marmara, Onsekiz Mart and Siirt universities have two herbaria each, while Hacettepe, Istanbul and Yüzüncü Yıl universities have three herbaria each. As of 2020, there are 55 herbaria in 34 different provinces of Turkey.
Naming and abbreviation To create a herbarium, it is necessary to do a serious research, using archiving and preservation techniques. Although herbaria are usually established within universities' science and pharmacy faculties, institutions such as botanical gardens or natural history museums can also create their own collections. However, aside from preserving them for scientific studies and keeping records of them, it is important to share them with the universal scientific community. Therefore, information tags are assigned to recorded plant samples and the abbreviation of the herbarium within which they are stored is also included. The names and abbreviations of official herbaria are recorded in an international data system called Index Herbariorum, which has been in operation since 1935. While assigning international codes, the name of the city where the herbarium is located is taken into consideration, as well as the name of the institution to which it is affiliated. Herbarium abbreviations are always written in capital letters, consist of at least one and at most eight letters, and no period is added.
Thanks to this system, all herbaria that are active in the world only have a descriptive code of their own and the collections they host are transferred to a common information pool. The system, managed by the International Association for Plant Taxonomy between 1952 and 1974, has been operated by the New York Botanical Garden since 1974. As of 2020, approximately 3,100 herbaria from various countries of the world and more than 390 million samples in total were recorded in this system.
List NameNo. SpecimensCodeAffiliated institutionLocationOpeningStatusKırıkkale University Faculty of Arts and Sciences Herbarium1,000ADOKırıkkale UniversityKırıkkale2000Ankara University Faculty of Pharmacy Herbarium25,000AEFAnkara UniversityAnkara1978Abant Izzet Baysal University Herbarium14,300AIBUAbant Izzet Baysal UniversityBolu1994Aksaray University Herbarium5,000AKSUAksaray UniversityAksaray2006Anadolu University Faculty of Science Herbarium19,525ANESAnadolu UniversityEskişehir1994Ankara University Faculty of Science Herbarium200,000ANKAnkara University Ankara1933Central Anatolia Forestry Research Institute Herbarium5,830ANKOGeneral Directorate of ForestryAnkara1959Artvin Çoruh University Herbarium30,000ARTHÇoruh UniversityArtvin2013Atatürk University Faculty of Science Herbarium3,000ATAAtatürk UniversityErzurum1969Adnan Menderes University Botanical Garden and Herbarium Application and Research Center10,120AYDNAdnan Menderes UniversityAydın1998British Institute at Ankara Herbarium6,000BIABritish Institute at AnkaraAnkara1970Uludağ University Faculty of Arts and Sciences Herbarium55,000BULUUludağ UniversityBursa1984Çanakkale Botanical Garden Herbarium25,000CBBOnsekiz Mart UniversityÇanakkale2015Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Herbarium5,468CNHOnsekiz Mart UniversityÇanakkale1999Çukurova University Faculty of Pharmacy Herbarium2,000CUEFÇukurova University Adana2015Cumhuriyet University Herbarium25,000CUFHCumhuriyet University Sivas1983Dicle Universitesi Herbarium4,804DUFDicle UniversityDiyarbakır1974Düzce University Forestry Faculty Herbarium5,400DUOFDüzce UniversityDüzce2009Dumlupınar University Herbarium11,000DUPDumlupınar UniversityKütahya1992Trakya University Faculty of Arts and Sciences Herbarium5,790EDTUTrakya UniversityEdirne1983Ege University Faculty of Science Herbarium35,000EGEEge University İzmir1964Erciyes University Herbarium7,308ERCHErciyes University Kayseri1996Sugar Institute Herbarium725ESKAnkara Sugar FactoryAnkara1956Anadolu University Herbarium13,983ESSEAnadolu UniversityEskişehir1979Fırat University Faculty of Science Herbarium6,750FUHFırat UniversityElazığ1987Gazi University Herbarium30,929GAZIGazi UniversityAnkara1985Gaziosmanpaşa University Herbarium8,300GOPUGaziosmanpaşa University TokatGül Herbarium25,000GULSüleyman Demirel UniversityIsparta2009Harran University Herbarium7,000HARRANHarran UniversityŞanlıurfa2017Hacettepe University Biodiversity Advanced Research Center Herbarium5,000HBHHacettepe University BIOMAnkara2008Altınbaş University Faculty of Pharmacy Herbarium500HERAAltınbaş UniversityIstanbul2018Hacettepe University Herbarium42,000HUBHacettepe UniversityAnkara1977Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Herbarium6,000HUEFHacettepe UniversityAnkara1975İnönü University Herbarium8,000INUİnönü UniversityMalatya2008Istanbul University Faculty of Pharmacy Herbarium90,000ISTEIstanbul UniversityIstanbul1956Istanbul University Faculty of Science Herbarium40,000ISTFIstanbul UniversityIstanbul1956Istanbul University Forestry Faculty Herbarium41,500ISTOIstanbul UniversityIstanbul1956Aegean Agricultural Research Institute Herbarium21,500IZAegean Agricultural Research Instituteİzmir1964Ege University Faculty of Pharmacy Herbarium6,051IZEFEge Universityİzmir1990Karadeniz Technical University Herbarium23,240KATOKaradeniz Technical University Trabzon1973Selçuk University Faculty of Science Herbarium24,000KNYASelçuk UniversityKonya1975Marmara University Faculty of Pharmacy Herbarium16,575MAREMarmara UniversityIstanbul1985Mersin University Herbarium7,810MERAMersin UniversityMersin1996Centre for Implementation and Research of Plant Health Clinic Herbarium250MKUBKHatay Mustafa Kemal UniversityHatay2020Marmara University Herbarium19,984MUFEMarmara UniversityIstanbul1984Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University Herbarium6,000NAKUNamık Kemal UniversityTekirdağ2012Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanical Garden Herbarium8,500NGBBAli Nihat Gökyiğit FoundationIstanbul2010Ondokuz Mayıs University Herbarium7,500OMUBOndokuz Mayıs UniversitySamsun1985Pamukkale University Herbarium5,000PAMUHPamukkale UniversityDenizli2008Siirt University Herbarium2,000SIIRTSiirt UniversitySiirt2015Siirt University Flora and Fauna Center Herbarium2,000SUFAFSiirt UniversitySiirt2015Yüzüncü Yıl University Herbarium23,500VANFYüzüncü Yıl UniversityVan1982Van Flora Application and Research Center Herbarium22,996VHLVYüzüncü Yıl UniversityVan1982Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Faculty of Pharmacy Herbarium1,200VPHYüzüncü Yıl UniversityVan2015Bülent Ecevit University Bryofit Herbarium10,500ZNGBülent Ecevit UniversityZonguldak2009
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Map
References
External links Index Herbariorum - New York Botanical Garden