Binangonan, officially the Municipality of Binangonan (), is a municipality in the province of Rizal, Philippines. According to the , it has a population of people.
A thriving fish port and fishing industry is found in Binangonan, having a long coast line facing Laguna de Bay, including the western part of Talim Island. The plant of Rizal Cement and Grandspan are in Binangonan as well.
Etymology At the height of the Philippine Revolution against the Spanish government, the townspeople of Binangonan rose in revolt in defiance of the Spanish authorities, as they joined the revolutionary group called Katipunan. The town's uprising was disparaged by the colonial authorities as "Binangonan de los Perros" (trans.: "of the dogs") but the ridicule did not prosper. The etymology of Binangonan (Tagalog: bangon, meaning "to rise"") is traced to this origin, where events or people had arisen.
History The Neolithic stone engravings of the Angono Petroglyphs archaeological site represent the earliest evidence of human settlement in the region. The site contains earthenware fragments and remains of animals such as turtles and Elephas sp. The area was inhabited by both Tagalog and Aeta peoples before the arrival of the Spanish."Socio-Economic Profile of the Municipality of Binangonan" (PDF). Binangonan Municipal Government.
Spanish colonial era Binangonan was initially a visita of the pueblo (town) of Moron, until it was separated and became an independent parish in 1621 through the initiatives of Franciscan missionaries. The town was established in 1737 and conquered by the Spaniards in 1763. Originally, it was organized under the province of La Laguna, until it was transferred to the newly established Distrito de Morong on February 23, 1853. The Santa Ursula Parish Church dates from this time, built from 1792 to 1800.
American colonial era Binangonan became a town in 1900 during the American colonial period. On June 11, 1901, it was incorporated into the newly established province of Rizal, after being part of the District of Morong. In the same year, Don Jose Ynares y Granados was appointed Presidente or municipal executive. He won the first municipal election held in 1902. With help from the Americans, Ynares made remarkable improvements in the town.
On October 12, 1903, by virtue of Act No. 942, it was annexed to the town Morong alongside Baras and Cardona. However, the act was amended by virtue of Act No. 984 on November 6, 1903, wherein Binangonan regained its independent status by separating from Morong and gaining Angono from Taytay.
Japanese occupation During World War II, Binangonan was one of the evacuation centers for the residents of Manila and neighboring suburbs. People hid in the mountains and in Talim Island. The war brought untold difficulties and sufferings. Schools were temporarily closed; professionals turned to fishing, buy and sell for living. Many died of starvation, malnutrition and diseases while others survived by eating camote tops, papaya, corn, coconut and vegetables.
Months after the Japanese occupied the town, Faustino Antiporda organized Bantay Sunog, a brigade tasked in maintaining peace and order by providing volunteer males as nightly guards against looters and trouble makers.
In April 1942, Marcos Villa Agustin founded Marking's Guerrillas, and recruited heavily in Binangonan area. During the summer of 1942, the Rizal Cement Factory employees took action against the Japanese in the area. Led by Trinidad Diaz, the factory cashier and Home Guard lieutenant, they killed five Japanese, including a naval architect, and turned their launch over to Marking's Guerrillas. The Japanese took revenge, killing known resisters in the area, and torturing Diaz for 32 days, but she did not divulge the guerrilla's locations.
Major Teofilo Cenido was appointed mayor of the provost marshal of military police. Weapons available then were one Springfield Rifle and five Granadora from five USAFFE soldiers who escaped from Bataan.
Talim Island was also subjected to Japanese sona. On August 7, 1942, bombs were dropped in the neighboring towns killing four in Janosa and claiming a number of casualties in Cardona. Suspected guerillas were brought to Santa Cruz, Laguna. Even the parish priest at that time, a Columbian Fr. Martin Strong, was held in Los Baños concentration camp.
Late in 1944, the Makapilis, a group of pro-Japanese Filipinos, occupied the convent and served as Japanese interpreters. They were instruments in the cruelties suffered by the Filipinos.
In January 1945, the Japanese took the convent from the Makapilis and put up their headquarters. But they only stayed there for one week, scared of the nightly apparitions of a white lady believed to be the ghost haunting the convent.
Mayor Emerenciano Unida was killed by the Japanese when he refused to reveal the guerrilla organization.
Philippine independence Binangonan was liberated from the Japanese forces on February 25, 1945, the feast day of the patroness of the town, Santa Ursula. The Japanese' plan to burn the town was prevented by the timely arrival of American forces on the eve of the feast day. The local guerillas, with Major Ceñido deploying his men in Bunot Mountain, prevented the escape of Japanese forces. The Japanese peacefully retreated and pulled their forces out.
After celebrations by residents, the American and Filipino military commander instructed the guerillas led by Major Ceñido to set up temporary headquarters in poblacion and to do surveillance work. When the combined Filipino and American troops proceeded to Angono, they left the command under the local Military Police, composed of all units in Binangonan.
Napoleon Antazo, the town commander of the Hunters ROTC guerillas, was appointed mayor through the orders of the 43rd Infantry Division of the U.S. Army. Next to be appointed town mayor from 1945 to 1946 was Casimiro Ynares Sr., son of Don Jose Ynares. When the Philippines became a Republic in 1946, the municipal government was allowed greater autonomy.
Post-war accomplishments The first mayor after World War II was Jose Pacis from 1946 to 1951. Among his accomplishments were as follows: Construction of wharf linking the Muella de Santa Ursula to Pritil. Construction of a modern public market, a self-liquidating project funded by the Rehabilitation Finance Corporation. Construction of combined basketball courts and tennis courts in the town's plaza. Beautification of the Kalbaryo. Additional artesian wells. Construction of a new street extending from Munting Bundok to M. H. del Pilar Street, the only one in eastern Rizal at that time, which was completed with P25,000 donated by ex-Senator Vicente Madrigal to Mayor Jose Pacis.
Geography
Binangonan is bounded to the north-northwest by Angono, the north-northeast by Teresa and Morong, and to the east by Cardona. It is divided between two regions, the mainland and the insular areas. The mainland is on the western side of the Morong Peninsula, and is characterized by small steep hills surrounded by lowlands. It is cut off by an escarpment to the east, which forms the boundary with Cardona. Short streams predominantly drain westward into Laguna de Bay.
Talim Island contains a narrow coastal plain that readily ascends into its mountainous interior, with Mount Tagapo (438 m) as its highest peak. It is separated from the mainland by the 240-m Diablo pass.
Binangonan is from Antipolo and from Manila.
With the continuous expansion of Metro Manila, Binangonan is now part of Manila's built-up area which reaches Cardona in its easternmost part.
Climate Binangonan features two climate types under the Köppen-Geiger climate classification: tropical monsoon with a short dry season and a prolonged wet season, and tropical savanna with more pronounced wet and dry season. The dry season runs from January through April while the wet season covers the remaining eight months of the year. Binangonan is consistently hot throughout the year, usually reaching its highest temperatures just before the onset of the monsoon. The town's coolest temperatures are typically experienced at night during the earliest portions of the dry season. Temperatures are relatively constant throughout the year with the average high of about and an average low of about .
Barangays
Binangonan is politically subdivided into 40 barangays, as indicated in the matrix below and the image herein, of which 23 are on the mainland and 17 are island barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.
+ Barangay Location Population Land Area Density (2020) (2024) (2020) (2015)Census of Population (2015). "Region IV-A (Calabarzon)" . Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. PSA. Retrieved 16 August 2019 (2010)Census of Population and Housing (2010). "Region IV-A (Calabarzon)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. NSO. Retrieved 16 August 2019.BangadIsland1,4721,4781,5631,5051.10 1,343.64BatinganMainland14,99016,28013,93112,9991.10 14,800.00BilibiranMainland19,91118,57716,90515,4902.47 7,521.05BinitaganIsland5405725986800.42 1,361.90BombongIsland3,2153,2753,2562,6970.99 3,308.08BuhanginIsland1,8812,0001,8712,0861.10 1,818.18CalumpangMainland21,09519,09218,59615,7931.59 12,007.55Ginoong SanayIsland1,8051,7451,6381,5880.88 1,982.95GulodIsland1,1881,2161,1971,1840.71 1,712.68HabagatanIsland1,2621,3971,2751,5870.66 2,116.67IthanMainland3,7753,7573,0902,9071.02 3,683.33JanosaIsland2,8843,0872,9172,6061.74 1,774.14Kalawaan (Darangan)Mainland39,97939,67736,85328,6114.63 8,569.55KalinawanMainland1,6632,1062,0622,0230.65 3,240.00KasileIsland4794704755020.31 1,516.13KaytomeIsland2,3132,4032,2962,2410.79 3,041.77KinabooganIsland1,3211,2671,3701,1641.14 1,111.40KinagatanIsland1,3791,4701,4661,4420.55 2,672.73Layunan (Poblacion)Mainland2,4092,5752,4913,3700.12 1,013.78Libid (Poblacion)Mainland8,0728,0687,0897,0852.53 3,188.93Libis (Poblacion)Mainland5,0125,9056,7386,6682.35 2,512.77Limbon-limbonMainland1,8071,7021,5901,4570.31 5,490.32LunsadMainland11,87711,74810,80010,3752.53 4,643.48MacamotMainland11,28410,3019,2218,1682.35 4,383.40Mahabang ParangMainland12,66511,0528,9357,2283.13 3,530.99MalakabanIsland1,2551,1491,2161,1971.04 1,104.81MambogMainland11,81411,3729,9887,6141.33 8,550.38Pag-asaMainland19,38719,47616,84815,3920.89 21,883.15PalangoyMainland18,06017,86514,03813,5054.71 3,792.99PantokMainland18,43116,80015,11613,1103.96 4,242.42Pila-PilaMainland9,6599,4379,1908,2472.79 3,382.44PinagdilawanIsland7678137786640.33 2,463.64PipindanMainland2,6051,9282,4292,8410.50 3,856.00RayapIsland1,9892,1642,0011,8860.79 2,739.24San CarlosMainland13,61614,09011,98310,4281.13 12,469.03SapangIsland2,3812,2492,2652,0501.12 2,008.04TabonIsland6886178238340.81 761.73TagposMainland16,16115,99915,56012,3321.31 12,212.98TatalaMainland17,62516,15210,7737,2563.56 4,537.08TayumanMainland12,56512,30011,24310,8255.19 2,369.94Mainland294,462286,259255,469223,72452.555,447.36Island26,81927,37227,00525,91314.461,892.95Total40 barangays321,281313,631282,474249,63767.024,680.36
Demographics
In the 2024 census, the population of Binangonan was 321,281 people, with a density of .
Economy
Binangonan's major source of income comes from agriculture, where 49 percent of its total land area are devoted to agriculture and livestock industries, while the source of income of residents in its coastal barangays are mainly artisanal fishing and the aquaculture industry. Binangonan is a major supplier of freshwater fishes from Laguna de Bay like dulong, ayungin, biya, kanduli, and gurami to Metro Manila, Laguna, Cavite and Batangas. A research station of the Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center is located at Tapao Point in Barangay Pipindan.