Petrus Joannes Maria Dox (7 May 1898 – 26 November 1964) was a Belgian Flemish soldier during the First World War known for his opposition to the Belgian Army's French-speaking officers' discriminatory treatment of Flemish-speaking soldiers. His vocal criticism led to his dismissal from front line service and his reassignment to the Special Forestry Platoon, a penal military unit.
After the war, Dox moved to the Belgian Congo where he served as a Christian missionary for the next few decades. He was killed during the Simba rebellion in November 1964.
Biography
World War I
Around 1914, Dox joined the Dominican Order as a novice. In 1916, despite a Belgian royal decree that only men born before 1897 could be conscripted, he was drafted to fight in the First World War. As a member of the seminary, Dox had to serve in the medical corps, and after only a single month of training he was sent to the Western Front.
He was critical of the French-speaking officers' attitude towards Flemish-speaking soldiers, and wrote letters on the subject. This led to his demotion to a penal military unit, the Special Forestry Platoon, on 30 March 1918, where he worked as a woodchopper as a form of penal labour in Orne, Normandy, France.Tom Simoens, CHTP-BEG - n° 23 / 2011. Van arrangeren tot renseigneren. Smaad en geweld Van militairen Tegen hun oversten tijdens de eerste wereldoorlog The military's official conclusion read: "Doubts regarding his patriotism. Has expressed hostility toward national institutes in a letter sent from neutral territory." Dox was released eight months after the Armistice of 11 November 1918, on 10 July 1919.
One of his brothers, Ludovicus Gommarus, died in a German prisoner-of-war camp.Namenlijst gesneuvelde Lierenaars – Hooiktenaars lier1418.be, projectgroep WOI His parents were also held captive by the German occupiers due to his father's participation in the resistance movement.
Missionary in Congo Dox took his religious vows in Ghent on 7 November 1924,Petrus Dox odis.be, 25 October 2017 and moved to the Belgian Congo on 18 December 1928, to work as a missionary for the next 36 years under his priest name, Valentinus.
He and his brother Frans, who was also a missionary, were killed in Watsa during the Simba rebellion on 26 November 1964.Een houthakker heeft ons verlaten 't Pallieterke, 1968, p. 11. In total, 15 Belgian missionaries were killed.Zes paters als bij wonder aan de dood ontsnapt Newspaper article, 1964. A square in their hometown of Lier was named after him and his brother.Verklaring straatnamen Lier.be, 4 February 2020Gebroeders Doxplein inventaris.onroerenderfgoed.be
See also Flemish identity during World War I Language legislation in Belgium
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