The bombing of Vicenza was a series of attacks by the United States Army Air Force and the Royal Air Force on the Italian city of Vicenza, Veneto, during World War II. The purpose of these raids was to disable the city's marshalling yard and airport, but the bombing also caused considerable collateral damage to the city itself.
Chronology of the main air raids
25 December 1943
The first air raid on Vicenza. 20 bombers of the 15th Air Force attacked the airfield, but many bombs also fell on the city, hitting the San Bortolo and San Francesco districts, causing 31 victims among the population.Bombardate l’Italia: 1943Vicenza, bombardamento del 25 dicembre 1943
28 December 1943
Raid by 17 bombers of the 15th USAAF, targeting the marshalling yard. Part of the bombs fell on the southeastern districts of the city, causing 41 victims among the population.Vicenza, bombardamento del 28 dicembre 1943
26 March 1944
Raid by 78 RAF bombers, targeting the marshalling yard. Bombs also fell on the southern districts of the city, killing 14 civilians.Vicenza, bombardamento del 26 marzo 1944
2 April 1944
Raid by fifty RAF bombers, targeting the marshalling yard. The city was hit as well (among other buildings, the psychiatric hospital suffered damage), causing the death of 26 civilians.Vicenza, bombardamento del 2 aprile 1944
14 May 1944
Raid by 150 bombers of the 15th U.S. Air Force, which dropped 1,300 bombs, targeting the marshalling yard. Many bombs fell on the city, causing heavy damage to the cultural heritage and killing 56 civilians.Commemorazione a 70 anni dal bombardamento del 14 maggio 194472^ Commemorazione delle vittime per il bombardamento del 1944 su VicenzaVicenza, bombardamento del 14 maggio 1944
17 November 1944
Raid by 38 RAF bombers, which dropped 106 tons of bombs over the airfield. Five civilians were also killed.
18 November 1944
Raid by the USAAF; 304 tons of bombs were dropped, targeting the air base. This was the bloodiest raid suffered by Vicenza: deaths among the population numbered at least 317 (according to official figures), but some estimates place this number at 500.Vicenza, bombardamento del 18 novembre 1944Stefani ripropone “il martirio di una città”Bombardamento di Vicenza del 18 novembre 1944
4 January 1945
Raid by the USAAF, targeting the marshalling yard. Two deaths among the population.
28 February 1945
Raid by the 15th U.S. Air Force, targeting the marshalling yard. The city was also hit, with sixteen victims among the civilians.Vicenza, bombardamento del 28 febbraio 1945
18 March 1945
Raid by 73 RAF bombers, targeting the marshalling yard. Bombs also fell on the city, setting fire to the roof of the Basilica Palladiana and causing five civilian deaths.Vicenza, bombardamento del 18 marzo 1945
26 and 28 April 1945
The last two air raids on Vicenza caused thirty-four deaths among the population.Vicenza, 26 aprile 1945
Damage and casualties
The raids caused heavy damage to the urban fabric of Vicenza. In addition to homes and public buildings, many landmarks suffered serious damage: among them the Cathedral, the churches of San Gaetano and Santa Corona, the Basilica Palladiana, the Arco delle Scalette, the Palazzo Valmarana and several other churches (such as the Basilica of Saints Felice and Fortunato) and historic palaces (such as the Ca’ d’Oro).Enciclopedia Treccani The Verdi and Eretenio theatres were destroyed and never rebuilt.
Casualties among the civilian population from the air raids numbered about one thousand victims (other sources claim that there were 2,000 deaths).Comune di Vicenza
References