List of wars in the Low Countries until 1560

This is a list of wars that occurred in the Low Countries until 1560. For subsequent wars in the north, see List of wars involving the Dutch Republic (1560–1795) and List of wars involving the Netherlands (1795–present). For subsequent wars in the south, see List of wars in the southern Low Countries (1560–1829) List of wars involving Belgium (1830–present) List of wars involving Luxembourg (1890–present).

List

Start Finish Name of conflict Belligerents Outcome Combatant 1 Combatant 2 58 BCE 50 BCE Gallic Wars Roman Republic Gallic tribesGermanic tribesCeltic BritonsIberian tribes Decisive Roman victory Roman Republic annexes Gaul and Belgica 54 BCE 53 BCE Ambiorix's revolt(part of the Gallic Wars) Roman Republic Eburones Roman victory Rebellion suppressed 12 BCE 16 CE Roman campaigns in Germania (12 BC – AD 16)(including the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest) Roman Empire Germanic tribes Strategic Germanic victory Roman withdrawal 28 28 Battle of Baduhenna Wood Roman Empire Frisii Indecisive; tactical Frisian victory Roman withdrawal 47 47 Gannascus' revolt Roman Empire CananefatesChauciFrisii Roman victory Germanic revolt/invasion defeated Temporary Roman occupation of Frisia 69 70 Revolt of the Batavi Roman Empire BataviCananefatesFrisiiLingonesTreveri Roman victory Rebellion suppressed 286 296 Carausian Revolt Roman Empire CarausiusFranks Roman victory Rebellion suppressed Franks (temporarily?) occupy the lands betweenthe Rhine and Waal rivers, and betweenthe mouths of the Rhine and ScheldtEncarta-encyclopedie Winkler Prins (1993–2002) s.v. "Franken". Microsoft Corporation/Het Spectrum.c.445c.450 Frankish conquest of Turnacum and CameracumAccording to Lanting & van der Plicht (2010), the conquest of Turnacum and Cameracum probably happened in the period 445–450. Roman EmpireSalian FranksFrankish victory Turnacum and Cameracum become Frankish capitals 448 448 Battle of Vicus Helena Roman Empire Salian Franks Roman victoryc.450c.450 Battle of Finnsburg? Frisii Danes Danish victoryc.525c.525 ? Frankish EmpireFrisii? Danes Frankish victory 600 793 Frisian–Frankish wars Frankish Empire Frisian Kingdom Frankish victory Frisian Kingdom annexed 715 718 Frankish Civil War (715–718)Carolingian faction (Austrasian)Charles MartelChlothar IV (717–718)

Pippinid faction (Austrasian)Theudoald (715–717)Plectrude (715–717)Neustrian factionRagenfridDagobert III (†715)Chilperic IIRedbad of Frisia (716–718)Odo of Aquitaine (independent until 718) Carolingian victory Neustrians defeat Pippinids (715) Charles subjects Pippinids, enthrones Chlothar (717) Carolingians defeat Neustrians (718) Chlothar dies, Charles recognises Chilperic as kingbut gains de facto power as palace mayor,establishing the Carolingian dynasty (718) 772 804 Saxon Wars Frankish EmpireObotrite Confederacy SaxonsFrisians Frankish victory Saxons and Frisians subdued 834 891 Viking raids in the Rhineland Vikings Frankish Empire, splitting into: West Francia Middle Francia/Lotharingia East Francia Frankish victory Viking devastation of cities such as Dorestad Count Henry defeated most Vikings by 885 The Battle of Leuven (891) expelled the remaining Vikings 978 980Franco-German war of 978–980Holy Roman Empire Lower lorraineWest FranciaStatus quo ante bellum987991Charles-Hugh Capet warLower LotharingiaKingdom of FranceFrench victory10121018 Lower Lorrainian war of successionTimothy Reuter (ed.), The New Cambridge Medieval History. Volume 3, c.900–c.1024 (1999), p. 321.County of Verdun Prince-Bishopric of Liège County of Leuven & Brussels County of Namur County of Hainaut County of Flanders County of Holland

County of LuxemburgVerdun victory Battle of Florennes (1015) Godfrey of Verdun becomes Duke of Lower Lorraine Henry of Leuven recognises Godfrey in 101810181018 Battle of VlaardingenWest Frisia (later County of Holland) Holy Roman Empire Lower LorraineWest Frisian victory West Frisia obtains de facto autonomy10371037 Odo II invasion of LotharingiaCounty of ChampagneLower and Upper Lotharingia under Gothelo I Holy Roman Empire Kingdom of Burgundy●Battle of Bar-le-Duc : death of Odo ●Holy Roman Empire victory10441056 Revolts of Godfrey the Bearded Upper Lorraine Pro-Godfrey Lower Lorraine County of Flanders County of Leuven & Brussels Holy Roman Empire Pro-Gothelo II Lower Lorraine Pro-Frederick Lower Lorraine Bishopric of MetzCompromise Godfrey banished to Tuscany (1057) Godfrey succeeds Frederick in Lower Lorraine (1065)10701071 War of the Flemish succession (1070–1071) Pro-Robert FlandersWest Frisia (later County of Holland) Pro-Arnulf Flanders Kingdom of France County of Hainaut County of Boulogne Duchy of NormandyWest Frisian victory Robert the Frisian becomes Count of Flanders10761076West Frisia (later County of Holland) County of Flanders Prince-Bishopric of Utrecht Lower LotharingiaWest Frisian victory Count Dirk V regainds West Frisia from Utrecht11011115Wars of Henry of Lower LorrainePro Henry Lower Lotharingia Holy Roman empire (1104-1106)Pro Godfrey Lower Lotharingia Holy Roman empire (1101-1104 and 1006-1115)Godfrey I, Count of Louvain remain Duke of Lower Lotharingia and Henry became count of Limburg 1102 1105 German-Flemish war County of Flanders Holy Roman Empire Duchy of Lower Lotharingia Status quo ante bellum 1127 1128 War of the Flemish succession (1127–1128) Pro-William Clito Flanders Lower Lotharingia Pro-Theoderic of Alsace Flanders Theoderican victory William Clito died of wounds, ending the war 1128 1131 Godfrey-Waleran warPro Godfrey Lower LotharingiaPro Waleran Lower Lotharingia•Battle of Wilderen : Waleran victory•Waleran became duke of Lower Lotharingia •Godfrey renonce his title and went to the abbey of Affligem 1132 1297 County of Holland West Frisians Hollandic victory Holland conquers the region of West Friesland 1139 1140 Rebellion of Henry II of LimburgPro Henry Lower LotharingiaPro Godfrey Lower Lotharingia•Godfrey victory, he remain duke of Lower lotharingia 1139 1159 County of Leuven & Brussels House of Berthout Leuven victory Leuven acquires the Lordship of Grimbergen 1142 1142 Limburg-Fauquemont war County of Limburg Lordship of Fauquemont Limburg victory 1165 1323 : Oorlog om Holland 1000-1375 (Verloren, Hilversum, 2004), , p. 156, 167. County of Flanders County of Holland Hollandic victory: Treaty of Paris (1323) Holland acquires Zeeland Bewestenschelde11821194War of Lembeek [fr]Lower LotharingiaCounty of Hainaut County of Luxembourg County of Namur County of FlandersCompromise : Battle of Noville Treaty of Hal 1186 1263/5 War of the Namurois–Luxemburgish successionEncarta-encyclopedie Winkler Prins (1993–2002) s.v. "Namen [geschiedenis]. §1. Regeerders". Microsoft Corporation/Het Spectrum. House of Namur (Ermesinde) Limburg-Luxemburg dynasty County of Namur (contested) County of Luxemburg (contested until 1199) House of Flanders (Baldwins) County of Hainaut County of Namur (contested) County of FlandersCompromise Ermesinde and her offspring inherited Luxemburg (1199) Namur sold to Guy of Dampierre (1263/5) 1202 1378 Prince-Bishopric of Liège County of Loon Duchy of Brabant Dual Lordship of Maastricht Compromise: Truce of Booienhoven Liège acquires Moha and Loon Brabant acquires Limburg and Overmaas Dual Lordship of Maastricht confirmed 1203 1206 Loon War Ada and Louis II LoonSupported by: France Staufen Flanders Brabant Limburg Utrecht LiègeWilliam HollandSupported by: England House of WelfMilitary and long-term political victory for William William recognised as count of Holland 1212 1213 War of the Moha succession(part of the Liégeois–Brabantian Wars) Duchy of Brabant Prince-Bishopric of Liège Liégeois victory Moha annexed by Liège 1213 1214 Anglo-French War (1213–1214) Kingdom of France Duchy of Burgundy County of Champagne County of Dreux County of Ponthieu County of Saint-Pol Duchy of Normandy Duchy of Bretagne Prince-Bishopric of Liège Angevin Empire(England, Anjou, Normandy, Aquitaine) Holy Roman Empire Flanders-Namur County of Boulogne Hainaut-Holland Brabant-Leuven Duchy of Lorraine Duchy of Limburg Duchy of Saxony PalatinateFrench victory Truce of Chinon Collapse of the Angevin Empire 1225 1227 Drenthe–Groningen war Burgraviate of Groningen Bishopric of Utrecht Burgraviate of Coevorden ("Drenthe")Gelkingen Drenther victory Utrecht bishop dies in battle, new bishop proclaims crusade 1228 1232 Drenther Crusade Bishopric of Utrecht Frisian crusaders Burgraviate of Coevorden ("Drenthe") Ommelander rebels Inconclusive Drenthe retains de facto independence from Utrecht 1226/8 1231/2 War of the Succession of Breda 1244 1254 War of the Flemish Succession House of Flanders House of DampierreSupported by: Anjou (3rd conflict) House of AvesnesSupported by: Holland (2nd conflict) Zeeland (2nd conflict) Compromise Dampierre obtains Flanders Avesnes obtains Hainaut 1245/50 1273/5 Great Interregnum Hohenstaufen party Frederick II (1245–50) Conrad IV (1245–54) Alfonso X of Castile (1257–75) Rudolf of Habsburg (1273–5) Welf party Henry of Thuringia (1246–7) William II of Holland (1247–56) Richard of Cornwall (1257–72) Ottokar II of Bohemia Compromise Unanimous election of Rudolf of Habsburg in 1273 Alfonso X of Castile renounced claim in 1275 1256 1422 Friso-Hollandic Wars County of Holland Upstalsboom LeagueVarious other Frisian factions Holland conquers West Frisia,but makes no substantial gains in Middle Frisia 1272 1278 War of the Cow Prince-Bishopric of Liège County of Namur Indecisive Status quo ante bellum 1283 1289 War of the Limburg Succession Duchy of Brabant County of Loon City of Cologne County of Guelders County of Luxemburg Electorate of Cologne Brabantian victory Brabant acquires the Duchy of Limburg 1296 1335 Encarta-encyclopedie Winkler Prins (1993–2002) s.v. "Awans-en-Waroux-oorlog". Microsoft Corporation/Het Spectrum. Awans Waroux Stalemate Status quo ante bellum 1297 1305 Franco-Flemish War Kingdom of France Flemish patricians County of Flanders County of Namur French victory Flanders cedes Lille, Douai, Bethune and Orchies to France Flanders remains independent 1303 1306 Brabantian artisan guilds Brabantian patrician class Duke of Brabant Patrician–ducal victory Rebellion suppressed 1322 1326 Prince-Bishopric of Münster County of Guelders Compromise: Peace of Wesel Guelders acquires the Lordship of Bredevoort Münster acquires the Lordship of Bermentfelde (in Borken) 1323 1328 Peasant revolt in Flanders 1323–1328 Kingdom of France Flemish count and loyalists Flemish rebels French victory Restoration of pro-French count Repression of all who participated in the revolt 1336 1366 Wars of the Loon Succession(part of the Liégeois–Brabantian Wars) County of LoonArnold and Godfrey were also quarreling amongst themselves, and did not constitute a united front against the Liégeois prince-bishop.Supported by: Duchy of Brabant (1337–1363) Duchy of Luxemburg (1361–1366) Prince-Bishopric of LiègeSupported by: Avignon Papacy Liégeois victory Annexation of Loon by Liège Annexation of Chiny by Luxemburg 1337 1453 Hundred Years' War Valois France Duchy of Burgundy (1337–1419, 35–53) Kingdom of Scotland Crown of Castile Republic of Genoa Kingdom of Bohemia Crown of Aragon Avignon Papacy Plantagenet France Kingdom of England Duchy of Burgundy (1419–35) Kingdom of Portugal Kingdom of Navarre County of Flanders County of Hainaut Papal States Valois victory England permanently loses all lands in France except Calais Valois-Burgundy becomes semi-independent state (1363) Burgundy starts gradual acquisition of Low Countries (1384) Flanders remains under French suzerainty (1453) 1350 1361 Reginald III, Duke of Guelders Heeckeren faction Edward, Duke of Guelders Bronckhorst faction Edwardian victory Edward becomes duke of Guelders 1350 1490 Hook and Cod wars Hook league (anti-Burgundy) Cod league (pro-Burgundy) Cod victory