This is a list of designs for crewed lunar landers, spacecraft intended to land on the Moon. A key aspect is achieving a soft landing, and for an ascent stage to successfully escape the Moon's gravity. Another aspect is how many stages the design has to undergo to achieve its objective, and the number of passengers and amount of payload it can carry.

Name Manufacturer Operator (program and operational timeline) Stages Crew Payload Mass Status Image Altair Northrop Grumman NASA (Constellation, 2005–2009) Descent, Ascent 4 14,500 kg (32,000 lb) Apollo Lunar Module Grumman NASA (Apollo, 1969–1972) Descent, Ascent 2 Boeing Lunar Lander Boeing Boeing, NASA (Artemis, 2017–present) Descent, Ascent Dynetics HLS Dynetics Dynetics, NASA (Artemis, 2017–present) Single-stage with drop tanks 2-4 Blue Moon Mark 2 Blue Origin, Lockheed Martin, Northrop Grumman, Draper Laboratory Blue Origin, Lockheed Martin, Northrop Grumman, Draper Laboratory, NASA Transfer, Lander/Ascent 4 Lanyue Lunar Lander CAST CMSA (CLEP) Descent propulsion stage, Lander/Ascent 2 LK RSC Energia/Yuzhnoye Design Office Soviet Union (N1-L3, 1969–1974) Descent, Ascent 1 Lockheed Martin Lunar Lander Lockheed Martin Lockheed Martin, NASA (Artemis, 2017–present) Single-stage 4 1,000 kg (2,200 lb) (elements incorporated into Blue Moon Mk 2) Starship SpaceX SpaceX Single-stage Starship HLS SpaceX NASA (Artemis, 2017–present), SpaceX Single-stage 4 100–200 t (220,000–440,000 lb) BIS Lunar Lander British Interplanetary Society Single-stage 3 Studies (1939, 1947) Von Braun Lunar Lander US (1977) Single-stage with drop tanks 20 259 metric tons (with a crew of 10) Study (1952) Horizon LERV US Army (Project Horizon, 1966) Descent, Ascent 10 - 16 2,700 - 22,000 kg Study (1959) Lunex Lunar Lander US Air Force (Lunex Project, 1967) Descent, Ascent 3 20,500 kg Study (1958–1961) Gemini lunar lander NASA Langley Research Center, (Project Gemini, 1963) Single 1 LEK Soviet Union, (Zvezda Moon base, 1974) Descent, Ascent, Reentry 3 FLO Eagle lander NASA (Space Exploration Initiative, 1992–93) Descent, Ascent 4 5,000 kg

See also Human spaceflight

References

External links Lunar lander conceptual design