Derderian or Derderyan () is an Armenian surname. "Derder" (Դերդերյ) in Armenian means priest. Notable people with the surname include:
Hovnan Derderian (born 1957), Lebanese-Armenian Apostolic archbishop Jacqueline Derderian (1952–2025) Iranian-Armenian Singer-songwriter Mariana Derderian (born 1980), Chilean actress Yeghishe Derderian of Jerusalem (1911–1990), Armenian bishop and scholar Viguen Derderian (1929–2003), Iranian-Armenian singer